{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T18:56:18Z","timestamp":1789584978118,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":362,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Regenerative medicine holds significant promise for addressing diseases and irreversible damage that are challenging to treat with conventional methods, making it a prominent research focus in modern medicine. Research on stem cells, a key area within regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal capabilities, is expanding, positioning them as a novel therapeutic option. Stem cells, utilized in various treatments, are categorized based on their differentiation potential and the source tissue. The term \u2018stem cell\u2019 encompasses a broad spectrum of cells, which can be derived from embryonic tissues, adult tissues, or generated by reprogramming differentiated cells. These cells, applied across numerous medical disciplines including cardiovascular, neurological, and hematological disorders, as well as wound healing, demonstrate varying therapeutic applications based on their differentiation capacities, each presenting unique advantages and limitations. Nevertheless, the existing literature lacks a comprehensive synthesis examining stem cell therapy and its cellular subtypes across different medical specialties. This review addresses this lacuna by collectively categorizing contemporary stem cell research according to medical specialty and stem cell classification, offering an exhaustive analysis of their respective benefits and constraints, thereby elucidating multifaceted perspectives on the clinical implementation of this therapeutic modality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26199659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T09:22:47Z","timestamp":1759483367000},"page":"9659","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Utilization of Stem Cells in Medicine: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4890-1484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Banu","family":"Ismail Mendi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Nigde Omer Halis Demir University, Ni\u011fde 51000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9304-9916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahim","family":"Hirani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9392-6615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa","family":"Sayegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariah","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8534-6999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren","family":"Fleshner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banu","family":"Farabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1751-3000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Fatih","family":"Atak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, NYC Health + Hospitals\/Metropolitan, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, NYC Health + Hospitals\/South Brooklyn Health, New York, NY 11235, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bijan","family":"Safai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, NYC Health + Hospitals\/Metropolitan, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1165-5","article-title":"Stem cells: Past, present, and future","volume":"10","author":"Zakrzewski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1159\/000345615","article-title":"Introduction to Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine","volume":"85","author":"Kolios","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, V.K., Saini, A., Kalsan, M., Kumar, N., and Chandra, R. (2016). Describing the Stem Cell Potency: The Various Methods of Functional Assessment and In silico Diagnostics. Front. Cell Dev. Biol., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2016.00134"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semperi.2023.151727","article-title":"Stem cell derived therapies to preserve and repair the developing intestine","volume":"47","author":"Mesfin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin. Perinatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1716145","article-title":"Stem Cells in the Treatment of Disease","volume":"380","author":"Blau","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R89","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-12-0072","article-title":"Defining stem cell types: Understanding the therapeutic potential of ESCs, ASCs, and iPS cells","volume":"49","author":"Alvarez","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00054.2003","article-title":"Embryonic stem cells: Prospects for developmental biology and cell therapy","volume":"85","author":"Wobus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00039.2017","article-title":"Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Use in Human Models of Disease and Development","volume":"99","author":"Karagiannis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.8.925","article-title":"Clinical Applications of Blood-Derived and Marrow-Derived Stem Cells for Nonmalignant Diseases","volume":"299","author":"Burt","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"4390","article-title":"Stem cells differentiation and probing their therapeutic applications in hematological disorders: A critical review","volume":"20","author":"Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2018.07.009","article-title":"Adult Stem Cells for Regenerative Therapy","volume":"160","author":"Gurusamy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2024.176719","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells biological and biotechnological advances: Implications for clinical applications","volume":"977","author":"Pharoun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petrenko, Y., Vackova, I., Kekulova, K., Chudickova, M., Koci, Z., Turnovcova, K., Kupcova Skalnikova, H., Vodicka, P., and Kubinova, S. (2020). A Comparative Analysis of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells derived from Different Sources, with a Focus on Neuroregenerative Potential. Sci. Rep., 10.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61167-z"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2833","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16438","article-title":"Clinical implications of differential functional capacity between tissue-specific human mesenchymal stromal\/stem cells","volume":"290","author":"Yen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Febs J."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.1159\/000492704","article-title":"Stem Cell Therapy in Heart Diseases\u2014Cell Types, Mechanisms and Improvement Strategies","volume":"48","author":"Lemcke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, S., Li, D., Wang, B., Zhang, H., and Chen, L. (2025). Two promising approaches in the treatment of myocardial infarction: Stem cells and gene therapy. Front. Cardiovasc. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1540066"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1164680","article-title":"Evidence for cardiomyocyte renewal in humans","volume":"324","author":"Bergmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2957","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx454","article-title":"Cardiac and systemic rejuvenation after cardiosphere-derived cell therapy in senescent rats","volume":"38","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"e21","article-title":"Lack of Cardiac Improvement After Cardiosphere-Derived Cell Transplantation in Aging Mouse Hearts","volume":"123","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-017-0481-x","article-title":"Cardiosphere-derived cells do not improve cardiac function in rats with cardiac failure","volume":"8","author":"Costa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3451","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa541","article-title":"Intracoronary ALLogeneic heart STem cells to Achieve myocardial Regeneration (ALLSTAR): A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial","volume":"41","author":"Makkar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S54","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.092627","article-title":"Administration of cardiac stem cells in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy: The SCIPIO trial: Surgical aspects and interim analysis of myocardial function and viability by magnetic resonance","volume":"126","author":"Chugh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60195-0","article-title":"Intracoronary cardiosphere-derived cells for heart regeneration after myocardial infarction (CADUCEUS): A prospective, randomised phase 1 trial","volume":"379","author":"Makkar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.08.724","article-title":"Intracoronary cardiosphere-derived cells after myocardial infarction: Evidence of therapeutic regeneration in the final 1-year results of the CADUCEUS trial (CArdiosphere-Derived aUtologous stem CElls to reverse ventricUlar dySfunction)","volume":"63","author":"Malliaras","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.310253","article-title":"Intracoronary Cardiac Progenitor Cells in Single Ventricle Physiology: The PERSEUS (Cardiac Progenitor Cell Infusion to Treat Univentricular Heart Disease) Randomized Phase 2 Trial","volume":"120","author":"Ishigami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00043.2011","article-title":"Satellite cells and the muscle stem cell niche","volume":"93","author":"Yin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.2217\/rme.10.65","article-title":"Skeletal myoblasts for cardiac repair","volume":"5","author":"Durrani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Regen. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00092-5","article-title":"Autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation for severe postinfarction left ventricular dysfunction","volume":"41","author":"Vilquin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2005.02.024","article-title":"Autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation improved hemodynamics and left ventricular function in chronic heart failure dogs","volume":"24","author":"He","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Heart Lung Transplant."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2006.06.018","article-title":"A comparison between percutaneous and surgical transplantation of autologous skeletal myoblasts in a swine model of chronic myocardial infarction","volume":"71","author":"Gavira","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp342","article-title":"Repeated implantation of skeletal myoblast in a swine model of chronic myocardial infarction","volume":"31","author":"Gavira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2006.01.024","article-title":"Grafted skeletal myoblast sheets attenuate myocardial remodeling in pacing-induced canine heart failure model","volume":"132","author":"Hata","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.734103","article-title":"The Myoblast Autologous Grafting in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (MAGIC) trial: First randomized placebo-controlled study of myoblast transplantation","volume":"117","author":"Alfieri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.047","article-title":"Transplantation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiovascular Progenitors for Severe Ischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction","volume":"71","author":"Vanneaux","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Correia, C.D., Ferreira, A., Fernandes, M.T., Silva, B.M., Esteves, F., Leit\u00e3o, H.S., Bragan\u00e7a, J., and Calado, S.M. (2023). Human Stem Cells for Cardiac Disease Modeling and Preclinical and Clinical Applications-Are We on the Road to Success?. Cells, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12131727"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1021\/mp2001704","article-title":"Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells repair and regenerate infarcted myocardium","volume":"8","author":"Singla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaay1318","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aay1318","article-title":"Exosomes secreted by hiPSC-derived cardiac cells improve recovery from myocardial infarction in swine","volume":"12","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-01811-7","article-title":"Cardiac repair in a murine model of myocardial infarction with human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaax2992","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aax2992","article-title":"Transplanted microvessels improve pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte engraftment and cardiac function after infarction in rats","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kawamura, T., Ito, Y., Ito, E., Takeda, M., Mikami, T., Taguchi, T., Mochizuki-Oda, N., Sasai, M., Shimamoto, T., and Nitta, Y. (2023). Safety confirmation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte patch transplantation for ischemic cardiomyopathy: First three case reports. Front. Cardiovasc. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1182209"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sugiura, T., Shahannaz, D.C., and Ferrell, B.E. (2024). Current Status of Cardiac Regenerative Therapy Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202404.1796.v1"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, L., Zhu, W., Zhao, P., Zhang, J., Lu, Y., Zhu, Y., Zhao, W., Liu, Y., Chen, Q., and Zhang, F. (2020). Down-Regulated Exosomal MicroRNA-221-3p Derived From Senescent Mesenchymal Stem Cells Impairs Heart Repair. Front. Cell Dev. Biol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00263"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1002\/agm2.12041","article-title":"Endothelial progenitor cells in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"1","author":"Qiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aging Med."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldw059","article-title":"Stem cell therapy for ischemic heart diseases","volume":"121","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2006.08.077","article-title":"Intramyocardial delivery of CD133+ bone marrow cells and coronary artery bypass grafting for chronic ischemic heart disease: Safety and efficacy studies","volume":"133","author":"Stamm","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.2174\/156720207781387141","article-title":"Safety analysis and improved cardiac function following local autologous transplantation of CD133(+) enriched bone marrow cells after myocardial infarction","volume":"4","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Neurovasc Res."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"441","article-title":"Implantation of CD133+ stem cells in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery: IMPACT-CABG pilot trial","volume":"29","author":"Forcillo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.671545","article-title":"Restoration of microvascular function in the infarct-related artery by intracoronary transplantation of bone marrow progenitor cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction: The Doppler Substudy of the Reinfusion of Enriched Progenitor Cells and Infarct Remodeling in Acute Myocardial Infarction (REPAIR-AMI) trial","volume":"116","author":"Erbs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2011.05.002","article-title":"Impact of preoperative left ventricular function and time from infarction on the long-term benefits after intramyocardial CD133(+) bone marrow stem cell transplant","volume":"142","author":"Yerebakan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"32","article-title":"Five-year follow-up of the local autologous transplantation of CD133+ enriched bone marrow cells in patients with myocardial infarction","volume":"15","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Iran. Med."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu007","article-title":"Autologous CD133+ bone marrow cells and bypass grafting for regeneration of ischaemic myocardium: The Cardio133 trial","volume":"35","author":"Nasseri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.07.022","article-title":"Cardiac Function Improvement and Bone Marrow Response\u2014: Outcome Analysis of the Randomized PERFECT Phase III Clinical Trial of Intramyocardial CD133(+) Application After Myocardial Infarction","volume":"22","author":"Steinhoff","year":"2017","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp073","article-title":"Intracoronary infusion of bone marrow-derived selected CD34+CXCR4+ cells and non-selected mononuclear cells in patients with acute STEMI and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: Results of randomized, multicentre Myocardial Regeneration by Intracoronary Infusion of Selected Population of Stem Cells in Acute Myocardial Infarction (REGENT) Trial","volume":"30","author":"Tendera","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003918","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.003918","article-title":"Phase I Clinical Trial of Autologous Stem Cell-Sheet Transplantation Therapy for Treating Cardiomyopathy","volume":"6","author":"Miyagawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1700","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell treatment in patients with ischaemic heart failure: Final 4-year follow-up of the MSC-HF trial","volume":"22","author":"Mathiasen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.310712","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of the Intravenous Infusion of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients with Heart Failure: A Phase 1\/2 Randomized Controlled Trial (RIMECARD Trial [Randomized Clinical Trial of Intravenous Infusion Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Cardiopathy])","volume":"121","author":"Bartolucci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5237063","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5237063","article-title":"Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells for Treatment of Patients with Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease (MyStromalCell Trial): A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study","volume":"2017","author":"Qayyum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2019.12.014","article-title":"Autologous CXCR4+ Hematopoietic Stem Cells Injected into the Scar Tissue of Chronic Myocardial Infarction Patients Normalizes Tissue Contractility and Perfusion","volume":"51","author":"Aceves","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13589","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000013589","article-title":"Complete remission of both immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis and psoriasis after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report","volume":"97","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1990.01670350139033","article-title":"Psoriasis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"126","author":"Ifrah","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1997.17821869.x","article-title":"Development of psoriasis after syngeneic bone marrow transplant from psoriatic donor: Further evidence for adoptive autoimmunity","volume":"137","author":"Snowden","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2021.10.002","article-title":"Stem cell therapy as a potential treatment option for psoriasis","volume":"97","author":"Naik","year":"2022","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.08.021","article-title":"Remission of psoriasis after allogeneic, but not autologous, hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation","volume":"68","author":"Kaffenberger","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, J., Xiao, M., Ma, K., Li, H., Ran, M., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Fu, X., and Yang, S. (2023). Therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives in common skin inflammatory diseases: Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Front. Immunol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1092668"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2015.11.001","article-title":"Treatment of Psoriasis with Mesenchymal Stem Cells","volume":"129","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01059-y","article-title":"Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for psoriasis: A phase 1\/2a, single-arm study","volume":"7","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"1363","article-title":"Expert Consensus on the Application of Stem Cells in Psoriasis Research and Clinical Trials","volume":"16","author":"Kuang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.3727\/096368916X691998","article-title":"Autologous Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Treatment of Psoriasis Vulgaris and Psoriatic Arthritis: A Case Report","volume":"25","author":"Santiago","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Transplant."},{"key":"ref_69","first-page":"363","article-title":"Subcutaneous Injection of Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Psoriasis Plaques: Clinical Trial Phase I","volume":"25","author":"Bajouri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell J."},{"key":"ref_70","first-page":"790","article-title":"Immunoregulatory Effect of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Psoriasis Vulgaris Patients","volume":"40","author":"Yin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.13473","article-title":"Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate atopic dermatitis via regulation of B lymphocyte maturation","volume":"8","author":"Shin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-9-181","article-title":"Stem cell treatment for patients with autoimmune disease by systemic infusion of culture-expanded autologous adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"9","author":"Ra","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15078","article-title":"T helper (Th)1, Th17 and Th2 imbalance in mesenchymal stem cells of adult patients with atopic dermatitis: At the origin of the problem","volume":"176","author":"Orciani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2401","article-title":"Clinical Trial of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Phase I\/IIa Studies","volume":"35","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1345","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.299","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived clonal mesenchymal stem cells inhibit ovalbumin-induced atopic dermatitis","volume":"5","author":"Na","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15928","article-title":"Long-term efficacy and safety of intravenous injection of clonal mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow in five adults with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis","volume":"48","author":"Shin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2024.06.013","article-title":"Phase 1\/2 trials of human bone marrow-derived clonal mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of adults with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis","volume":"154","author":"Seo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10234.x","article-title":"Noncultured extracted hair follicle outer root sheath cell suspension for transplantation in vitiligo","volume":"164","author":"Mohanty","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-017-0674-3","article-title":"Pluripotent nontumorigenic multilineage differentiating stress enduring cells (Muse cells): A seven-year retrospective","volume":"8","author":"Fisch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2014.065","article-title":"Adipose-derived stem cells improve efficacy of melanocyte transplantation in animal skin","volume":"22","author":"Lim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1174","article-title":"Co-culture of melanocytes with adipose-derived stem cells as a potential substitute for co-culture with keratinocytes","volume":"92","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, M.N., Zhang, Z.Q., Wu, J.L., Lin, F.Q., Fu, L.F., Wang, S.Q., Guan, C.P., Wang, H.L., and Xu, A. (2013). Dermal mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) inhibit skin-homing CD8+ T cell activity, a determining factor of vitiligo patients\u2019 autologous melanocytes transplantation efficiency. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060254"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zorina, A., Zorin, V., Isaev, A., Kudlay, D., Manturova, N., Ustugov, A., and Kopnin, P. (2024). Current Status of Biomedical Products for Gene and Cell Therapy of Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910270"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.21037\/sci.2017.06.04","article-title":"Stem cells from human hair follicles: First mechanical isolation for immediate autologous clinical use in androgenetic alopecia and hair loss","volume":"4","author":"Gentile","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Investig."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gentile, P. (2019). Autologous Cellular Method Using Micrografts of Human Adipose Tissue Derived Follicle Stem Cells in Androgenic Alopecia. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20143446"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gentile, P., Scioli, M.G., Cervelli, V., Orlandi, A., and Garcovich, S. (2020). Autologous Micrografts from Scalp Tissue: Trichoscopic and Long-Term Clinical Evaluation in Male and Female Androgenetic Alopecia. Biomed. Res. Int., 2020.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7397162"},{"key":"ref_87","first-page":"e10","article-title":"Hair regeneration treatment using adipose-derived stem cell conditioned medium: Follow-up with trichograms","volume":"15","author":"Fukuoka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eplasty"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12650","article-title":"Clinical use of conditioned media of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in female pattern hair loss: A retrospective case series study","volume":"54","author":"Shin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y., Yan, B., Wang, H., Li, H., Li, Q., Zhao, D., Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Li, W., and Zhang, J. (2015). Hair regrowth in alopecia areata patients following Stem Cell Educator therapy. BMC Med., 13.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-015-0331-6"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.25259\/IJDVL_19_20","article-title":"Stem cell therapy in dermatology","volume":"87","author":"Khandpur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-016-8552-9","article-title":"Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Autoimmune Disorders: State of the Art and Perspectives for Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"52","author":"Maria","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39477","article-title":"Antifibrotic, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in HOCl-Induced Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"68","author":"Maria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-021-08892-z","article-title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy as a New Approach for the Treatment of Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"64","author":"Zhuang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-153-10-201011160-00007","article-title":"Autologous mesenchymal stem cells foster revascularization of ischemic limbs in systemic sclerosis: A case report","volume":"153","author":"Guiducci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-017-0690-3","article-title":"Combined platelet-rich plasma and lipofilling treatment provides great improvement in facial skin-induced lesion regeneration for scleroderma patients","volume":"8","author":"Bianca","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20175700","article-title":"Evaluation of treatment response to autologous transplantation of noncultured melanocyte\/keratinocyte cell suspension in patients with stable vitiligo","volume":"92","author":"Ramos","year":"2017","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000256","DOI":"10.4172\/2376-0427.1000256","article-title":"Comparison treatment of vitiligo by co-culture of melanocytes derived from hair follicle with adipose-derived stem cells with and without NB-UVB","volume":"4","author":"Saleh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pigment. Disord."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0910501","article-title":"Bone marrow transplantation for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa","volume":"363","author":"Wagner","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2319","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2015.158","article-title":"Potential of Systemic Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy for Children with Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa","volume":"135","author":"Petrof","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e151922","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.151922","article-title":"Clinical trial of ABCB5+ mesenchymal stem cells for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa","volume":"6","author":"Kiritsi","year":"2021","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e143606","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.143606","article-title":"Intravenous allogeneic umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa patients","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-018-0889-y","article-title":"Cellular therapy with human autologous adipose-derived adult cells of stromal vascular fraction for alopecia areata","volume":"9","author":"Anderi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2016.1227419","article-title":"Stem cell therapy as a novel therapeutic intervention for resistant cases of alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia","volume":"29","author":"Elmaadawi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Treat."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.19-0410","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled clinical study of hair regeneration using adipose-derived stem cell constituent extract in androgenetic alopecia","volume":"9","author":"Tak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02557-6","article-title":"Innovative method of alopecia treatment by autologous adipose-derived SVF","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705782","article-title":"Autologous non-myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"40","author":"Oyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205681","article-title":"Safety, tolerability and potential efficacy of injection of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in the fingers of patients with systemic sclerosis: An open-label phase I trial","volume":"74","author":"Granel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_108","unstructured":"Piccaluga, P.P., Visani, G., and Khattab, S.S. (2025). Stem Cell Use to Treat Dermatological Disorders. Stem Cell Transplantation, IntechOpen."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.5114\/ada.2023.130498","article-title":"Stem cells in plastic surgery and aesthetic medicine","volume":"40","author":"Czop","year":"2023","journal-title":"Postep. Dermatol. Alergol."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niebergall-Roth, E., Frank, N.Y., Ganss, C., Frank, M.H., and Kluth, M.A. (2022). Skin-Derived ABCB5(+) Mesenchymal Stem Cells for High-Medical-Need Inflammatory Diseases: From Discovery to Entering Clinical Routine. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010066"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.0278","article-title":"Autologous bone marrow-derived cultured mesenchymal stem cells delivered in a fibrin spray accelerate healing in murine and human cutaneous wounds","volume":"13","author":"Falanga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tissue Eng."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2010.12.010","article-title":"Comparison of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells for treatment of diabetic critical limb ischemia and foot ulcer: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"92","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pr."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14532","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of adipose tissue-derivatives in modern dermatology","volume":"31","author":"Bellei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2015-0367","article-title":"Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal MicroRNAs Suppress Myofibroblast Differentiation by Inhibiting the Transforming Growth Factor-\u03b2\/SMAD2 Pathway During Wound Healing","volume":"5","author":"Fang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt526","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated suppression of hypertrophic scarring is p53 dependent in a rabbit ear model","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.169","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells prevent hypertrophic scar formation via inflammatory regulation when undergoing apoptosis","volume":"134","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2018.02.006","article-title":"Genetically-modified bone mesenchymal stem cells with TGF-\u03b2(3) improve wound healing and reduce scar tissue formation in a rabbit model","volume":"367","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1177\/22925503231195017","article-title":"Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Therapy in Hypertrophic and Keloid Scars: A Systematic Review of Experimental Studies","volume":"33","author":"Khaity","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plast. Surg."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Almadori, A., and Butler, P.E. (2024). Scarring and Skin Fibrosis Reversal with Regenerative Surgery and Stem Cell Therapy. Cells, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13050443"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000003301","article-title":"Therapeutic Efficacy of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Versus Bone Marrow Stromal Cells for Irradiated Mandibular Fracture Repair","volume":"89","author":"Lynn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1628915","article-title":"Objective analysis of volume restoration in atrophic acne scars and skin pores: A split study using human stem cell-conditioned media","volume":"32","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Treat."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, L., Hu, L., Zhou, X., Xiong, Z., Zhang, C., Shehada, H.M.A., Hu, B., Song, J., and Chen, L. (2017). Exosomes secreted by human adipose mesenchymal stem cells promote scarless cutaneous repair by regulating extracellular matrix remodelling. Sci. Rep., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12919-x"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qian, H., Shan, Y., Gong, R., Lin, D., Zhang, M., Wang, C., and Wang, L. (2022). Mechanism of action and therapeutic effects of oxidative stress and stem cell-based materials in skin aging: Current evidence and future perspectives. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.1082403"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001123","article-title":"Antiaging treatment of the facial skin by fat graft and adipose-derived stem cells","volume":"135","author":"Borojevic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006867","article-title":"Photoaged Skin Therapy with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells","volume":"145","author":"Rigotti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31829fe1b0","article-title":"Nanofat grafting: Basic research and clinical applications","volume":"132","author":"Tonnard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2014.26.5.584","article-title":"Efficacy of microneedling plus human stem cell conditioned medium for skin rejuvenation: A randomized, controlled, blinded split-face study","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2018.1530438","article-title":"The effects of amniotic membrane stem cell-conditioned medium on photoaging","volume":"30","author":"Prakoeswa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Treat."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.3109\/14764172.2015.1114638","article-title":"The efficacy of conditioned media of adipose-derived stem cells combined with ablative carbon dioxide fractional resurfacing for atrophic acne scars and skin rejuvenation","volume":"18","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cosmet. Laser Ther."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cucinella, G., Gullo, G., Catania, E., Perino, A., Billone, V., Marinelli, S., Napoletano, G., and Zaami, S. (2024). Stem Cells and Infertility: A Review of Clinical Applications and Legal Frameworks. J. Pers. Med., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14020135"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-017-0514-5","article-title":"Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells improve the reserve function of perimenopausal ovary via a paracrine mechanism","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saha, S., Roy, P., Corbitt, C., and Kakar, S.S. (2021). Application of Stem Cell Therapy for Infertility. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071613"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2013.0371","article-title":"Transplantation of human menstrual blood stem cells to treat premature ovarian failure in mouse model","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23120","article-title":"The effects of human menstrual blood stem cells-derived granulosa cells on ovarian follicle formation in a rat model of premature ovarian failure","volume":"82","author":"Manshadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.10.053","article-title":"Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells improve regeneration of thin endometrium in rat","volume":"101","author":"Jing","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1159\/000447857","article-title":"Application of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Intrauterine Adhesions in Rats","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-018-0801-9","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells in spheroids improve fertility in model animals with damaged endometrium","volume":"9","author":"Domnina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martirosyan, Y.O., Silachev, D.N., Nazarenko, T.A., Birukova, A.M., Vishnyakova, P.A., and Sukhikh, G.T. (2023). Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Unlocking New Possibilities for Treating Diminished Ovarian Reserve and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency. Life, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/life13122247"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, G.Y., Cheng, C.C., Chiang, Y.S., Cheng, W.T., Liu, I.H., and Wu, S.C. (2016). Exosomal miR-10a derived from amniotic fluid stem cells preserves ovarian follicles after chemotherapy. Sci. Rep., 6.","DOI":"10.1038\/srep23120"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02316","article-title":"Germline stem cells and follicular renewal in the postnatal mammalian ovary","volume":"428","author":"Johnson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2669","article-title":"Oocyte formation by mitotically active germ cells purified from ovaries of reproductive-age women","volume":"18","author":"White","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17474","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1312830110","article-title":"Hippo signaling disruption and Akt stimulation of ovarian follicles for infertility treatment","volume":"110","author":"Kawamura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu353","article-title":"Successful fertility preservation following ovarian tissue vitrification in patients with primary ovarian insufficiency","volume":"30","author":"Suzuki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4405","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1589","article-title":"In Vitro Activation of Follicles and Fresh Tissue Auto-transplantation in Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Patients","volume":"101","author":"Zhai","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524019666190709172636","article-title":"Stem Cells as a Resource for Treatment of Infertility-related Diseases","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05834-x","article-title":"Generation of functional oocytes from male mice in vitro","volume":"615","author":"Murakami","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2019.52.8.141","article-title":"Stem cells and reproduction","volume":"52","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMB Rep."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4565","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2350","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: An Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"98","author":"Legro","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.2741\/4891","article-title":"Spermatogonial stem cells: A story of self-renewal and differentiation","volume":"26","author":"Subash","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-023-03466-6","article-title":"Advances of three-dimensional (3D) culture systems for in vitro spermatogenesis","volume":"14","author":"Salem","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.106.056895","article-title":"Production of functional spermatids from mouse germline stem cells in ectopically reconstituted seminiferous tubules","volume":"76","author":"Kita","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1177\/10815589241305317","article-title":"Effectiveness of stem cell therapy for male infertility restoration: A systematic review","volume":"73","author":"Modanlou","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Investig. Med."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.07.010","article-title":"Male fertility restoration: In vivo and in vitro stem cell-based strategies using cryopreserved testis tissue: A scoping review","volume":"122","author":"Jensen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav2914","article-title":"Autologous grafting of cryopreserved prepubertal rhesus testis produces sperm and offspring","volume":"363","author":"Fayomi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-04036-0","article-title":"World\u2019s first: Stem cell therapy reverses diabetes","volume":"15","author":"Kumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-0656","article-title":"Preserved \u03b2-cell function in type 1 diabetes by mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"64","author":"Carlsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ12-0343","article-title":"Long term effects of the implantation of Wharton\u2019s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells from the umbilical cord for newly-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"60","author":"Hu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocr. J."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0171","article-title":"Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cell with Autologous Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation in Established Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Open-Label Clinical Study to Assess Safety and Impact on Insulin Secretion","volume":"39","author":"Cai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.20-0506","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus duration and obesity alter the efficacy of autologously transplanted bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells","volume":"10","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2023.100627","article-title":"Generation of glucocorticoid-producing cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"3","author":"Eceiza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Methods"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, R., Shi, R., Morshed, S.A., Latif, R., and Davies, T.F. (2020). Derivation and 97% Purification of Human Thyroid Cells From Dermal Fibroblasts. Front. Endocrinol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00446"},{"key":"ref_162","first-page":"175","article-title":"Recent advances in stem cell-based therapeutics in ophthalmology","volume":"9","author":"Balkan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Demiroglu Sci. Univ. Florence Nightingale J. Med."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2022.09.17","article-title":"Ocular stem cells: A narrative review of current clinical trials","volume":"15","author":"Sotiropulos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chotikavanich, S., Poriswanish, N., Luangaram, A., Numnoi, P., Thamphithak, R., Pinitpuwadol, W., Uiprasertkul, M., Chirapapaisan, C., Sikarinkul, R., and Prabhasawat, P. (2023). Genetic analysis of allogenic donor cells after successful allo-limbal epithelial transplantation in simple and cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation procedures. Sci. Rep., 13.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-31261-z"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-308272","article-title":"Safety outcomes and long-term effectiveness of ex vivo autologous cultured limbal epithelial transplantation for limbal stem cell deficiency","volume":"101","author":"Fasolo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300352","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of xeno-free autologous cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation: A 10-year study","volume":"95","author":"Sangwan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0905955","article-title":"Limbal stem-cell therapy and long-term corneal regeneration","volume":"363","author":"Rama","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.4252\/wjsc.v13.i5.366","article-title":"Stem cell therapy in ocular pathologies in the past 20 years","volume":"13","author":"Miotti","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J. Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-56461-1","article-title":"Cultivated autologous limbal epithelial cell (CALEC) transplantation for limbal tem cell deficiency: A phase I\/II clinical trial of the first xenobiotic-free, serum-free, antibiotic-free manufacturing protocol developed in the US","volume":"16","author":"Jurkunas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2017.1353834","article-title":"Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation and Complications","volume":"33","author":"Yin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-018-1036-5","article-title":"Corneal cell therapy: With iPSCs, it is no more a far-sight","volume":"9","author":"Chakrabarty","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_172","first-page":"493","article-title":"Updates on the Epidemiology of Age-Related Macular Degeneration","volume":"6","author":"Jonas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2012.04.005","article-title":"Understanding age-related macular degeneration (AMD): Relationships between the photoreceptor\/retinal pigment epithelium\/Bruch\u2019s membrane\/choriocapillaris complex","volume":"33","author":"Bhutto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Asp. Med."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-22467","article-title":"Allogeneic iPSC-Derived RPE Cell Graft Failure Following Transplantation Into the Subretinal Space in Nonhuman Primates","volume":"59","author":"McGill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaat5580","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aat5580","article-title":"Clinical-grade stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium patch rescues retinal degeneration in rodents and pigs","volume":"11","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.176305","article-title":"Human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) transplantation: Outcome after autologous RPE-choroid sheet and RPE cell-suspension in a randomised clinical study","volume":"95","author":"Krebs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sugita, S., Mandai, M., Hirami, Y., Takagi, S., Maeda, T., Fujihara, M., Matsuzaki, M., Yamamoto, M., Iseki, K., and Hayashi, N. (2020). HLA-Matched Allogeneic iPS Cells-Derived RPE Transplantation for Macular Degeneration. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9072217"},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2089","article-title":"A Bruch\u2019s membrane substitute fabricated from silk fibroin supports the function of retinal pigment epithelial cells in vitro","volume":"11","author":"Shadforth","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.10.10.13","article-title":"One-Year Follow-Up in a Phase 1\/2a Clinical Trial of an Allogeneic RPE Cell Bioengineered Implant for Advanced Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration","volume":"10","author":"Kashani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-025-01120-w","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: A promising strategy for treating retinal degenerative diseases","volume":"31","author":"An","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14456","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms150814456","article-title":"Recent advances of stem cell therapy for retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"15","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.18502\/jovr.v18i3.13780","article-title":"Stem Cell Therapy in Stargardt Disease: A Systematic Review","volume":"18","author":"Mirshahi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmic Vis. Res."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-023-03526-x","article-title":"Stem cell therapy for inherited retinal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/17460751.2024.2427501","article-title":"Industry updates from the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine in September 2024","volume":"20","author":"Ilic","year":"2025","journal-title":"Regen. Med."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-04007-5","article-title":"Advances in retinal pigment epithelial cell transplantation for retinal degenerative diseases","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.21037\/aes-22-55","article-title":"Cell-based therapies for limbal stem cell deficiency: A literature review","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Eye Sci."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-022-02042-5","article-title":"Roles of airway basal stem cells in lung homeostasis and regenerative medicine","volume":"23","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-1583-4","article-title":"Allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A pilot clinical study","volume":"11","author":"Do","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R\u00edo, C., Jahn, A.K., Martin-Medina, A., Calvo Bota, A.M., De Francisco Casado, M.T., Pont Antona, P.J., Gigirey Castro, O., Carvajal \u00c1, F., Villena Portella, C., and G\u00f3mez Bellvert, C. (2023). Mesenchymal Stem Cells from COPD Patients Are Capable of Restoring Elastase-Induced Emphysema in a Murine Experimental Model. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065813"},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-03940-9","article-title":"Stem cell therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Mesenchymal stem cells as a promising treatment option","volume":"15","author":"Lai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"00773-2020","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00773-2020","article-title":"Endobronchial autologous bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A phase I trial","volume":"7","author":"Campo","year":"2021","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res."},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Zheng, Q., Li, Z., Huang, M., Zhong, C., Yu, R., Jiang, R., Dai, H., Zhang, J., and Gu, X. (2025). Epithelial stem cells from human small bronchi offer a potential for therapy of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. eBioMedicine, 112.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105538"},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5235","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S372046","article-title":"Therapeutic Benefits of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Potential Mechanisms and Challenges","volume":"15","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30418-1","article-title":"Treatment with allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells for moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (START study): A randomised phase 2a safety trial","volume":"7","author":"Matthay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-03977-w","article-title":"Evaluating the therapeutic potential of different sources of mesenchymal stem cells in acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Regmi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beha.2025.101602","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cell therapy: Potential advances for reducing cystic fibrosis infection and organ inflammation","volume":"38","author":"Bonfield","year":"2025","journal-title":"Best. Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7633.1000400","article-title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell Soluble Mediators and Cystic Fibrosis","volume":"7","author":"Sutton","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2022.12.001","article-title":"A phase I study assessing the safety and tolerability of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell infusion in adults with cystic fibrosis","volume":"22","author":"Roesch","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cyst. Fibros."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2018.02.368","article-title":"Bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cell infusion in patients with chronic kidney disease: A safety study with 18 months of follow-up","volume":"20","author":"Makhlough","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J., Lin, Y., Chen, X., Liu, Y., and Zhou, T. (2022). Mesenchymal stem cells: A new therapeutic tool for chronic kidney disease. Front. Cell Dev. Biol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.910592"},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salybekov, A.A., Kinzhebay, A., and Kobayashi, S. (2024). Cell therapy in kidney diseases: Advancing treatments for renal regeneration. Front. Cell Dev. Biol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1505601"},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2777","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2017020151","article-title":"Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increase Cortical Perfusion in Renovascular Disease","volume":"28","author":"Saad","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.123463","article-title":"Allogenic mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus: A pilot clinical study","volume":"69","author":"Liang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2267","DOI":"10.3727\/096368911X582769c","article-title":"Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in severe and refractory systemic lupus erythematosus: 4 years of experience","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Transplant."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211073","article-title":"A randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell for lupus nephritis","volume":"76","author":"Deng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_206","first-page":"103324","article-title":"Allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation for refractory lupus nephritis: Results of a phase I clinical trial","volume":"70","author":"Ranjbar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000704","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2022-000704","article-title":"Safety, immunological effects and clinical response in a phase I trial of umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with treatment refractory SLE","volume":"9","author":"Kamen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lupus Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.316","article-title":"Induction therapy with autologous mesenchymal stem cells in living-related kidney transplants: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"307","author":"Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-018-1422-x","article-title":"Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells as induction therapy are safe and feasible in renal allografts: Pilot results of a multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.5.527","article-title":"Nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"295","author":"Burt","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.68","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation reverses multiorgan dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus mice and humans","volume":"27","author":"Sun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Namiot, E.D., Niemi, J.V.L., Chubarev, V.N., Tarasov, V.V., and Schi\u00f6th, H.B. (2022). Stem Cells in Clinical Trials on Neurological Disorders: Trends in Stem Cells Origins, Indications, and Status of the Clinical Trials. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911453"},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3982","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26192","article-title":"Functional role of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of chronic neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"233","author":"Mannino","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.01.001","article-title":"Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapies for Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"94","author":"Staff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, M., Chen, H., and Zhu, M. (2022). Mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine in central nervous system. Front. Neurosci., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.1068114"},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shariati, A., Nemati, R., Sadeghipour, Y., Yaghoubi, Y., Baghbani, R., Javidi, K., Zamani, M., and Hassanzadeh, A. (2020). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for neurodegenerative disease: A promising frontier. Eur. J. Cell Biol., 99.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2020.151097"},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2643","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-023-01344-6","article-title":"The Use of Stem Cells as a Potential Treatment Method for Selected Neurodegenerative Diseases: Review","volume":"43","author":"Serwin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.4321","article-title":"Safety and Clinical Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secreting Neurotrophic Factor Transplantation in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Results of Phase 1\/2 and 2a Clinical Trials","volume":"73","author":"Petrou","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2021.147296","article-title":"Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells delays disease progression in the SOD1G93A transgenic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis rat model","volume":"1757","author":"Magota","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27472","article-title":"A randomized placebo-controlled phase 3 study of mesenchymal stem cells induced to secrete high levels of neurotrophic factors in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"65","author":"Cudkowicz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2024.07.019","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A novel therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"555","author":"Bhatt","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113706","article-title":"Intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells reduces Tau phosphorylation and inflammation in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"341","author":"Neves","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-200219","article-title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Current Status and Future Perspectives","volume":"77","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Regmi, S., Liu, D.D., Shen, M., Kevadiya, B.D., Ganguly, A., Primavera, R., Chetty, S., Yarani, R., and Thakor, A.S. (2022). Mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Strategies and limitations. Front. Mol. Neurosci., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.1011225"},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cencioni, M.T., Genchi, A., Brittain, G., de Silva, T.I., Sharrack, B., Snowden, J.A., Alexander, T., Greco, R., and Muraro, P.A. (2021). Immune Reconstitution Following Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis: A Review on Behalf of the EBMT Autoimmune Diseases Working Party. Front. Immunol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.813957"},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-023-01290-2","article-title":"Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: Recent Advances","volume":"23","author":"Mariottini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1215","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011461","article-title":"Long-term Clinical Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"96","author":"Boffa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nawar, A.A., Farid, A.M., Wally, R., Tharwat, E.K., Sameh, A., Elkaramany, Y., Asla, M.M., and Kamel, W.A. (2024). Efficacy and safety of stem cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sci. Rep., 14.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62726-4"},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3369","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17165-w","article-title":"Pre-clinical study of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitor cells for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Doi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moon, H., Kim, B., Kwon, I., and Oh, Y. (2023). Challenges involved in cell therapy for Parkinson\u2019s disease using human pluripotent stem cells. Front. Cell Dev. Biol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1288168"},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI130767","article-title":"Human autologous iPSC-derived dopaminergic progenitors restore motor function in Parkinson\u2019s disease models","volume":"130","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, S.W., Woo, H.J., Kim, E.H., Kim, H.S., Suh, H.N., Kim, S.H., Song, J.J., Wulansari, N., Kang, M., and Choi, S.Y. (2021). Neural stem cells derived from human midbrain organoids as a stable source for treating Parkinson\u2019s disease: Midbrain organoid-NSCs (Og-NSC) as a stable source for PD treatment. Prog. Neurobiol., 204.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2021.102086"},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S395","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230897","article-title":"Stem Cell Interventions in Neurology: From Bench to Bedside","volume":"101","author":"Pappolla","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, L., Liu, S.C., Liu, Y.Y., Zhu, F.Q., Xiong, M.J., Hu, D.X., and Zhang, W.J. (2024). Therapeutic role of neural stem cells in neurological diseases. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2024.1329712"},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6367","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001609","article-title":"Recent advances in stem cell therapy: Efficacy, ethics, safety concerns, and future directions focusing on neurodegenerative disorders\u2014A review","volume":"110","author":"Khandia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isakovi\u0107, J., \u0160erer, K., Bari\u0161i\u0107, B., and Mitre\u010di\u0107, D. (2023). Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for neurological disorders: The light or the dark side of the force?. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1139359"},{"key":"ref_237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zayed, M.A., Sultan, S., Alsaab, H.O., Yousof, S.M., Alrefaei, G.I., Alsubhi, N.H., Alkarim, S., Al Ghamdi, K.S., Bagabir, S.A., and Jana, A. (2022). Stem-Cell-Based Therapy: The Celestial Weapon against Neurological Disorders. Cells, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11213476"},{"key":"ref_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2025.115525","article-title":"Clinical perspective on pluripotent stem cells derived cell therapies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"218","author":"Izrael","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2023.114543","article-title":"Stem cells in central nervous system diseases: Promising therapeutic strategies","volume":"369","author":"Ying","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Kuang, Q., Xu, J., Lin, Q., Chi, H., and Yu, D. (2024). MSC-Based Cell Therapy in Neurological Diseases: A Concise Review of the Literature in Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research. Biomolecules, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14050538"},{"key":"ref_241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-023-01163-3","article-title":"Neuroprotection of Stem Cells Against Ischemic Brain Injury: From Bench to Clinic","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl. Stroke Res."},{"key":"ref_242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S395010","article-title":"Nanotherapeutic and Stem Cell Therapeutic Strategies in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Promising Therapeutic Approach","volume":"18","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ford, E., Pearlman, J., Ruan, T., Manion, J., Waller, M., Neely, G.G., and Caron, L. (2020). Human Pluripotent Stem Cells-Based Therapies for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status and Challenges. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9112517"},{"key":"ref_244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kozlowska, U., Klimczak, A., Bednarowicz, K.A., Zalewski, T., Rozwadowska, N., Chojnacka, K., Jurga, S., Barnea, E.R., and Kurpisz, M.K. (2021). Assessment of Immunological Potential of Glial Restricted Progenitor Graft In Vivo-Is Immunosuppression Mandatory?. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071804"},{"key":"ref_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-02001-1","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells: Amazing remedies for bone and cartilage defects","volume":"11","author":"Kangari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519848678","article-title":"Single-Cell Profiles and Clinically Useful Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Adipose and Bone Marrow Origin","volume":"47","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0342","article-title":"Comparative analysis of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, or adipose tissue","volume":"24","author":"Kern","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref_248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17986","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140917986","article-title":"Comparative analysis of human mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood as sources of cell therapy","volume":"14","author":"Jin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23343","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000023343","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"99","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2018.07.028","article-title":"Intra-articular Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes and Evidence of Cartilage Repair","volume":"35","author":"Ha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref_251","first-page":"Cd013342","article-title":"Stem cell injections for osteoarthritis of the knee","volume":"4","author":"Whittle","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9636897241303275","DOI":"10.1177\/09636897241303275","article-title":"Intra-Articular Injection of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Transplant."},{"key":"ref_253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9636897211051743","DOI":"10.1177\/09636897211051743","article-title":"Preclinical and Clinical Amelioration of Bone Fractures with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"31","author":"Yi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Transplant."},{"key":"ref_254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meesuk, L., Suwanprateeb, J., Thammarakcharoen, F., Tantrawatpan, C., Kheolamai, P., Palang, I., Tantikanlayaporn, D., and Manochantr, S. (2022). Osteogenic differentiation and proliferation potentials of human bone marrow and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the 3D-printed hydroxyapatite scaffolds. Sci. Rep., 12.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-24160-2"},{"key":"ref_255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2021.09.007","article-title":"Biomimetic versus sintered macroporous calcium phosphate scaffolds enhanced bone regeneration and human mesenchymal stromal cell engraftment in calvarial defects","volume":"135","author":"Brennan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2023.5273","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells: An efficient cell therapy for tendon repair (Review)","volume":"52","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hooper, N., Marathe, A., Jain, N.B., and Jayaram, P. (2024). Cell-Based Therapies for Rotator Cuff Injuries: An Updated Review of the Literature. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25063139"},{"key":"ref_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goldberg, A.J., Masci, L., O\u2019Donnell, P., Green, R., Brooking, D., Bassett, P., Lowdell, M.W., and Smith, R.K.W. (2024). Autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells are safe for the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy. Sci. Rep., 14.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-61399-3"},{"key":"ref_259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2211510120","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2211510120","article-title":"Modeling human skeletal development using human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"120","author":"Ng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1093\/jbmr\/zjae069","article-title":"Skeletal stem and progenitor cells in bone development and repair","volume":"39","author":"Trompet","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"ref_261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2022.10.002","article-title":"Bone marrow and periosteal skeletal stem\/progenitor cells make distinct contributions to bone maintenance and repair","volume":"29","author":"Jeffery","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref_262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, N., Hu, L., Cao, Z., Liu, X., and Pan, J. (2022). Periosteal Skeletal Stem Cells and Their Response to Bone Injury. Front. Cell Dev. Biol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.812094"},{"key":"ref_263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-023-06736-4","article-title":"New insights into the properties, functions, and aging of skeletal stem cells","volume":"34","author":"Rong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"ref_264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Griffith, L.A., Arnold, K.M., Sengers, B.G., Tare, R.S., and Houghton, F.D. (2021). A scaffold-free approach to cartilage tissue generation using human embryonic stem cells. Sci. Rep., 11.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-97934-9"},{"key":"ref_265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-03703-6","article-title":"Adipose-derived stem cell-based optimization strategies for musculoskeletal regeneration: Recent advances and perspectives","volume":"15","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Juric, M.K., Ghimire, S., Ogonek, J., Weissinger, E.M., Holler, E., van Rood, J.J., Oudshoorn, M., Dickinson, A., and Greinix, H.T. (2016). Milestones of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation\u2014From First Human Studies to Current Developments. Front. Immunol., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00470"},{"key":"ref_267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2020.0021","article-title":"Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Version 2.2020, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology","volume":"18","author":"Saad","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Natl. Compr. Canc Netw."},{"key":"ref_268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maurer, K., and Antin, J.H. (2024). The graft versus leukemia effect: Donor lymphocyte infusions and cellular therapy. Front. Immunol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1328858"},{"key":"ref_269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loke, J., Buka, R., and Craddock, C. (2021). Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia: Who, when, and how?. Front. Immunol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.659595"},{"key":"ref_270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0000000000000572","article-title":"Recent advances in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"27","author":"Gyurkocza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beha.2023.101466","article-title":"Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"36","author":"Magee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2016.01.003","article-title":"Autologous stem cell transplantation versus alternative allogeneic donor transplants in adult acute leukemias","volume":"53","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-018-2412-8","article-title":"Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"107","author":"Takami","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Algeri, M., Merli, P., Locatelli, F., and Pagliara, D. (2021). The Role of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Pediatric Leukemia. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10173790"},{"key":"ref_275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2020.100772","article-title":"Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in aplastic anemia: Current indications and transplant strategies","volume":"47","author":"Iftikhar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"ref_276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7299-9_4","article-title":"Allogeneic\/Matched Related Transplantation for \u03b2-Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Anemia","volume":"1013","author":"Bernaudin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.7192","article-title":"Nonmyeloablative HLA-matched sibling allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe sickle cell phenotype","volume":"312","author":"Hsieh","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2021838","article-title":"\u03b2-Thalassemias","volume":"384","author":"Taher","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16437","article-title":"Curative options for sickle cell disease: Haploidentical stem cell transplantation or gene therapy?","volume":"189","author":"Leonard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2023000486","article-title":"The range of haploidentical transplant protocols in sickle cell disease: All haplos are not created equally","volume":"2023","author":"Kassim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hematol. Am. Soc. Hematol. Educ. Program."},{"key":"ref_281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2018.04.011","article-title":"Curative therapies: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation from matched related donors using myeloablative, reduced intensity, and nonmyeloablative conditioning in sickle cell disease","volume":"55","author":"Guilcher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pratumkaew, P., Issaragrisil, S., and Luanpitpong, S. (2021). Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Tool for Modeling Hematologic Disorders and as a Potential Source for Cell-Based Therapies. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113250"},{"key":"ref_283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbior.2018.10.001","article-title":"Application of induced pluripotent stem cell technology for the investigation of hematological disorders","volume":"71","author":"Dolatshad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Biol. Regul."},{"key":"ref_284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5171032","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5171032","article-title":"Recent Updates on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Hematological Disorders","volume":"2019","author":"Wattanapanitch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"ref_285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dmm039321","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.039321","article-title":"Modeling blood diseases with human induced pluripotent stem cells","volume":"12","author":"Georgomanoli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dis. Model. Mech."},{"key":"ref_286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-024-02360-7","article-title":"Long-term engrafting multilineage hematopoietic cells differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells","volume":"43","author":"Ng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.20-0247","article-title":"Hematopoietic stem cells from pluripotent stem cells: Clinical potential, challenges, and future perspectives","volume":"9","author":"Demirci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2023.11.002","article-title":"Generation of transgene-free hematopoietic stem cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells","volume":"30","author":"Piau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref_289","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2019.01.006","article-title":"Disease modeling of bone marrow failure syndromes using iPSC-derived hematopoietic stem progenitor cells","volume":"71","author":"Elbadry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0000000000000343","article-title":"Generating autologous hematopoietic cells from human-induced pluripotent stem cells through ectopic expression of transcription factors","volume":"24","author":"Hwang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2309673","article-title":"Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Transfusion-Dependent \u03b2-Thalassemia","volume":"390","author":"Locatelli","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2309676","article-title":"Exagamglogene Autotemcel for Severe Sickle Cell Disease","volume":"390","author":"Frangoul","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_293","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2031054","article-title":"CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing for Sickle Cell Disease and \u03b2-Thalassemia","volume":"384","author":"Frangoul","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_294","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6445","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-1311","article-title":"Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Historical and Scientific Overview","volume":"76","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2022.12.013","article-title":"An Analysis of the Worldwide Utilization of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"29","author":"Tokaz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transplant. Cell Ther."},{"key":"ref_296","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-024-02419-8","article-title":"Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation activity in China 2022\u20132023. The proportions of peripheral blood for stem cell source continue to grow: A report from the Chinese Blood and Marrow Transplantation Registry Group","volume":"59","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_297","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2021.09.003","article-title":"Curative therapy for hemoglobinopathies: An International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy Stem Cell Engineering Committee review comparing outcomes, accessibility and cost of ex vivo stem cell gene therapy versus allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"24","author":"Leonard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"ref_298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arranz, L. (2022). The Hematology of Tomorrow Is Here-Preclinical Models Are Not: Cell Therapy for Hematological Malignancies. Cancers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14030580"},{"key":"ref_299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2014.0564","article-title":"Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Hematology: From Laboratory to Clinic and Back Again","volume":"24","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"ref_300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-019-0465-9","article-title":"The EBMT activity survey report 2017: A focus on allogeneic HCT for nonmalignant indications and on the use of non-HCT cell therapies","volume":"54","author":"Passweg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.119.259796","article-title":"Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Targeting Solid Tumors: Therapeutic Potential beyond Regenerative Therapy","volume":"370","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref_302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noq147","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy and safety of TRAIL-producing human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells against experimental brainstem glioma","volume":"13","author":"Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"ref_303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4134","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-4698","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell delivery of TRAIL can eliminate metastatic cancer","volume":"69","author":"Loebinger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2628","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2008.00317.x","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells expressing TRAIL lead to tumour growth inhibition in an experimental lung cancer model","volume":"12","author":"Mohr","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2011.06.029","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of neural stem cells expressing TRAIL and bortezomib in mice with glioma xenografts","volume":"310","author":"Balyasnikova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_306","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.54254\/2753-8818\/63\/20241549","article-title":"Exploring the Potential of Stem Cells to Enhance Conventional Cancer Therapies","volume":"63","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Theor. Nat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2022.146748","article-title":"Stem cell challenge in cancer progression, oncology and therapy","volume":"840","author":"Alnasser","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fakiruddin, K.S., Ghazalli, N., Lim, M.N., Zakaria, Z., and Abdullah, S. (2018). Mesenchymal Stem Cell Expressing TRAIL as Targeted Therapy against Sensitised Tumour. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082188"},{"key":"ref_309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6495","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2014.15.16.6495","article-title":"TRAIL based therapy: Overview of mesenchymal stem cell based delivery and miRNA controlled expression of TRAIL","volume":"15","author":"Attar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"ref_310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt322","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit multiple myeloma cells via the Fas\/Fas ligand pathway","volume":"4","author":"Atsuta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"TPS9116","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2019.37.15_suppl.TPS9116","article-title":"TACTICAL: A phase I\/II trial to assess the safety and efficacy of MSCTRAIL in the treatment of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"37","author":"Davies","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_312","first-page":"A222","article-title":"P256\u2005Targeted stem cells expressing trail as a therapy for lung cancer tactical: A phase i\/ii trial","volume":"72","author":"Davies","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref_313","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80156","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20964","article-title":"Treatment of advanced gastrointestinal cancer with genetically modified autologous mesenchymal stem cells-TREAT-ME-1-a phase I, first in human, first in class trial","volume":"8","author":"Peter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_314","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31089","article-title":"Role of stem cell derived exosomes in tumor biology","volume":"142","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23746","article-title":"Exosomal miR-374c-5p derived from mesenchymal stem cells suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma via the LIMK1-Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin axis","volume":"38","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_316","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1007\/s10565-022-09759-5","article-title":"Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles carrying miR-655-3p inhibit the development of esophageal cancer by regulating the expression of HIF-1\u03b1 via a LMO4\/HDAC2-dependent mechanism","volume":"39","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02652-x","article-title":"Extracellular vesicle-encapsulated microRNA-424 exerts inhibitory function in ovarian cancer by targeting MYB","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-022-02201-4","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cells equipped by IFN\u03b1 empower T cells with potent anti-tumor immunity","volume":"41","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_319","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2018-75","article-title":"a phase I trial of mesenchymal stem cells transfected with a plasmid secreting interferon beta in advanced ovarian cancer","volume":"78","author":"Andreeff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2020.08.005","article-title":"Targeted Delivery of CXCL9 and OX40L by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Elicits Potent Antitumor Immunity","volume":"28","author":"Yin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hombach, A.A., Geumann, U., G\u00fcnther, C., Hermann, F.G., and Abken, H. (2020). IL7-IL12 Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Improve A CAR T Cell Attack Against Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9040873"},{"key":"ref_322","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2014.10.015","article-title":"Nano-engineered mesenchymal stem cells as targeted therapeutic carriers","volume":"196","author":"Sadhukha","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Control Release"},{"key":"ref_323","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merino, J.J., and Caba\u00f1a-Mu\u00f1oz, M.E. (2023). Nanoparticles and Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Therapy for Cancer Treatment: Focus on Nanocarriers and a si-RNA CXCR4 Chemokine Blocker as Strategies for Tumor Eradication In Vitro and In Vivo. Micromachines, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi14112068"},{"key":"ref_324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Babajani, A., Soltani, P., Jamshidi, E., Farjoo, M.H., and Niknejad, H. (2020). Recent Advances on Drug-Loaded Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Anti-neoplastic Agents for Targeted Treatment of Cancer. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00748"},{"key":"ref_325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900043","DOI":"10.1002\/adtp.201900043","article-title":"Nanoengineering of mesenchymal stem cells via surface modification for efficient cancer therapy","volume":"2","author":"Layek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"key":"ref_326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moku, G., Layek, B., Trautman, L., Putnam, S., Panyam, J., and Prabha, S. (2019). Improving payload capacity and anti-tumor efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells using TAT peptide functionalized polymeric nanoparticles. Cancers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11040491"},{"key":"ref_327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.02.024","article-title":"Glycoengineered mesenchymal stem cells as an enabling platform for two-step targeting of solid tumors","volume":"88","author":"Layek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benmelouka, A.Y., Munir, M., Sayed, A., Attia, M.S., Ali, M.M., Negida, A., Alghamdi, B.S., Kamal, M.A., Barreto, G.E., and Ashraf, G.M. (2021). Neural Stem Cell-Based Therapies and Glioblastoma Management: Current Evidence and Clinical Challenges. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052258"},{"key":"ref_329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00245-X","article-title":"Neural stem cell delivery of an oncolytic adenovirus in newly diagnosed malignant glioma: A first-in-human, phase 1, dose-escalation trial","volume":"22","author":"Fares","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v80","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad179.0312","article-title":"Ctni-30. Mesenchymal Stem Cell (Msc11fcd) Based Therapy Elicited a Favorable Response with Efficient 5-Fu Conversion in Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma: An Open Label, Phase I\/Iia Trial","volume":"25","author":"Lim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"ref_331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-14-0175","article-title":"Human umbilical cord blood\u2013derived mesenchymal stem cells producing IL15 eradicate established pancreatic tumor in syngeneic mice","volume":"13","author":"Jing","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_332","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.3109\/14653241003631815","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cells alone or expressing interferon-beta suppress pancreatic tumors in vivo, an effect countered by anti-inflammatory treatment","volume":"12","author":"Kidd","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"ref_333","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-1547","article-title":"Therapy-Educated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enrich for Tumor-Initiating Cells","volume":"78","author":"Timaner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_334","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2018.27","article-title":"ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Crohn\u2019s Disease in Adults","volume":"113","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.04.001","article-title":"Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Applied in a Bioabsorbable Matrix, for Treatment of Perianal Fistulas in Patients with Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"153","author":"Dietz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-005-0052-6","article-title":"A phase I clinical trial of the treatment of Crohn\u2019s fistula by adipose mesenchymal stem cell transplantation","volume":"48","author":"Herreros","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dis. Colon. Rectum"},{"key":"ref_337","first-page":"60","article-title":"Stem Cell Therapy for Perianal Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"90","author":"Knyazev","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ter. Arkh"},{"key":"ref_338","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad100","article-title":"A Phase I study of ex vivo expanded allogeneic bone marrow\u2013derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of pediatric perianal Fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"29","author":"Lightner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_339","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2011.56","article-title":"Role of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"71","author":"Dalal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2016.3724","article-title":"Safety and therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell infusion on moderate to severe ulcerative colitis","volume":"12","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1336-4","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental and clinical studies","volume":"10","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_342","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26972","article-title":"Evaluation for liver transplantation in adults: 2013 practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the American Society of Transplantation","volume":"59","author":"Martin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_343","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32832a1f6c","article-title":"Improvement of liver function in liver cirrhosis patients after autologous mesenchymal stem cell injection: A phase I-II clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Kharaziha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_344","first-page":"459","article-title":"Phase 1 trial of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis","volume":"10","author":"Mohamadnejad","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Iran. Med."},{"key":"ref_345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2014.04.017","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cells towards non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in an immunodeficient mouse model","volume":"326","author":"Winkler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_346","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-02882-4","article-title":"The assessment of mesenchymal stem cells therapy in acute on chronic liver failure and chronic liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_347","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-021-10199-2","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in decompensated liver cirrhosis: A long-term follow-up analysis of the randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"15","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int."},{"key":"ref_348","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-023-10583-5","article-title":"Multiple Dimensions of using Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Liver Diseases: From Bench to Beside","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rev. Rep."},{"key":"ref_349","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2017.234","article-title":"Tissue engineering for the treatment of short bowel syndrome in children","volume":"83","author":"Martin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.013235","article-title":"Generation of tissue-engineered small intestine using embryonic stem cell-derived human intestinal organoids","volume":"4","author":"Finkbeiner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Open"},{"key":"ref_351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2009.187","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells improve small intestinal integrity through regulation of endogenous epithelial cell homeostasis","volume":"17","author":"Mouiseddine","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_352","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2387","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.276","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells stimulate intestinal stem cells to repair radiation-induced intestinal injury","volume":"7","author":"Gong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_353","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-02896-y","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies","volume":"13","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_354","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2016-0153","article-title":"Concise Review: The Potential Use of Intestinal Stem Cells to Treat Patients with Intestinal Failure","volume":"6","author":"Hong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G778","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00468.2007","article-title":"Topical transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells accelerates gastric ulcer healing in rats","volume":"294","author":"Hayashi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"ref_356","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.21608\/jmh.2017.7926","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells in regeneration of gastric ulcer in rats","volume":"1","author":"Ghaly","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Histol."},{"key":"ref_357","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaat7455","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aat7455","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells promote healing of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-related peptic ulcer through paracrine actions in pigs","volume":"11","author":"Xia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_358","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.5115\/acb.21.034","article-title":"Therapeutic efficiency of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in healing of experimentally induced gastric ulcers in rats","volume":"54","author":"Hassan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_359","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2013.07.015","article-title":"Proteomic techniques for characterisation of mesenchymal stem cell secretome","volume":"95","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref_360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.08.055","article-title":"Neural stem cell transplantation in the stomach rescues gastric function in neuronal nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice","volume":"129","author":"Micci","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.21666","article-title":"Ethical and Safety Issues of Stem Cell-Based Therapy","volume":"15","author":"Volarevic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_362","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.05.021","article-title":"Recognizing the ethical implications of stem cell research: A call for broadening the scope","volume":"16","author":"Assen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/19\/9659\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T09:44:11Z","timestamp":1760003051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/19\/9659"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]]},"references-count":362,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26199659"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26199659","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]]}}}