{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T06:01:14Z","timestamp":1776492074153,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["101097094-ELMUMY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101097094-ELMUMY"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The DNA Damage Response (DDR) network is an essential machinery for maintaining genomic integrity, with DDR defects being implicated in cancer initiation, progression, and treatment resistance. Moreover, oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant defense, can significantly impact cell viability, leading to cell death or survival. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that DDR-related signals and redox status measured in multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines correlate with the sensitivity to genotoxic insults. At baseline and following irradiation with Ultraviolet C (UVC; 50 J\/m2) or treatment with melphalan (100 \u03bcg\/mL for 5 min) DDR-related parameters, redox status expressed as GSH\/GSSG ratio and apurinic\/apyrimidinic sites were evaluated in a panel of eleven human MM cell lines and one healthy B lymphoblastoid cell line. We found that MM cell lines with increased apoptosis rates displayed significantly higher levels of endogenous\/baseline DNA damage, reduced GSH\/GSSG ratio, augmented apurinic\/apyrimidinic lesions, decreased nucleotide excision repair and interstrand crosslinks repair capacities, and highly condensed chromatin structure. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that DDR-related parameters and redox status correlate with the sensitivity of MM cells to DNA-damaging agents, specifically melphalan, and, if further validated, may be exploited as novel sensitive\/effective biomarkers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262010171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T08:18:54Z","timestamp":1760948334000},"page":"10171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["DNA Damage Response and Redox Status in the Resistance of Multiple Myeloma Cells to Genotoxic Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5771-5352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Malamos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 116 35 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Papanikolaou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 116 35 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisavet","family":"Deligianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 116 35 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitra","family":"Mavroeidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 116 35 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0778-6694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Koutoulogenis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 176 76 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Gavriatopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5133-1422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelos","family":"Terpos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2945-1329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vassilis L.","family":"Souliotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 116 35 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2025.104268","article-title":"Updates on Mechanisms of Disease Progression in Precursor Myeloma: Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undermined Significance and Smoldering Myeloma","volume":"54","author":"Saade","year":"2025","journal-title":"Presse M\u00e9d."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709974","article-title":"Long-Term Follow-up of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance","volume":"378","author":"Kyle","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. 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