{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T22:27:10Z","timestamp":1761172030328,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sapienza University of Roma","award":["RM1221816841F57E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RM1221816841F57E"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thiotaurine (2-aminoethane thiosulfonate) is a naturally occurring sulfur-based compound featuring a thiosulfonate group, enabling it to act as a biologically relevant donor of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) through thiol-dependent persulfidation. H2S levels are known to be reduced in individuals with osteoarthritis, where it plays roles in modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and pain. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Thiotaurine in human primary chondrocytes exposed to a pro-inflammatory cytokine. Cells were pre-treated with Thiotaurine prior to stimulation with TNF-\u03b1, and the expression levels of key interleukins were assessed at both the mRNA and protein levels. TNF-\u03b1 stimulation led to upregulation of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1\u03b2, which was significantly attenuated by Thiotaurine pre-treatment. Additionally, immunofluorescence analysis showed that Thiotaurine inhibited the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65, indicating suppression of NF-\u03baB pathway activation. Persulfide detection assays confirmed an increase in intracellular persulfide levels following Thiotaurine treatment. In summary, due to its anti-inflammatory activity and ability to release H2S, Thiotaurine emerges as a promising and potentially safe therapeutic option for osteoarthritis and other inflammation-related conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262010208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T15:20:12Z","timestamp":1760973612000},"page":"10208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Thiotaurine Attenuates TNF-\u03b1-Induced Inflammation in Human Chondrocytes via NF-\u03baB Pathway Suppression and Thiol-Dependent Persulfidation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9569-8952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessia","family":"Mariano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1093-7764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Bigioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Baseggio Conrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9822-0260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Francioso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3323-6015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Scotto d\u2019Abusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7524-3395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2013.07.002","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide chemical biology: Pathophysiological roles and detection","volume":"35","author":"Kolluru","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide-Biol. 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