{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T00:31:08Z","timestamp":1760747468097,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a major global health issue. This study investigated the relationship between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to blood cells ratios, and PAD development. The study included 361 patients categorized into groups based on the presence of stenotic atherosclerosis in lower limb arteries (LLAs) diagnosed via duplex ultrasound. Group 1 (n = 238) had atherosclerosis at the first visit. A second visit involved 281 patients: 158 from Group 1, 32 new diagnoses (Group 2), and 91 with no atherosclerosis at either visit (Group 3). Laboratory analysis included lipid profiles, Lp(a), and complete blood counts, calculating ratios like Lp(a)\/HDL-C and monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio (MHR). Showed patients with stenotic atherosclerosis had significantly higher Lp(a) (20.2 vs. 12.1 mg\/dL, p &lt; 0.01), MHR (0.54 vs. 0.39, p = 0.002), and Lp(a)\/HDL-C ratios (20.9 vs. 8.8, p = 0.003). The combination of monocytes \u2265 0.55 \u00d7 109\/L and Lp(a) \u2265 30 mg\/dL was present in 27% of PAD patients vs. 10% without (p &lt; 0.01). Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis indicated that high Lp(a) levels led to chronic limb ischemia 9.5 years earlier. Combined assessment of Lp(a) and monocyte-related ratios provides superior predictive value for PAD, suggesting clinical utility for risk stratification and early intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26209918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T16:13:03Z","timestamp":1760717583000},"page":"9918","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Role of Lipoprotein(a) and Blood Cells Ratios in Peripheral Artery Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3505-2487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra V.","family":"Tyurina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology n.a. acad. E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 121552, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8909-8662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga I.","family":"Afanasieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology n.a. acad. E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 121552, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1518-6552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marat V.","family":"Ezhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology n.a. acad. E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 121552, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3617-9343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narek A.","family":"Tmoyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology n.a. acad. E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 121552, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7273-6979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana V.","family":"Balakhonova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology n.a. acad. E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 121552, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5944-6427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergei N.","family":"Pokrovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology n.a. acad. E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow 121552, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1553","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(23)00355-8","article-title":"Global burden of peripheral artery disease and its risk factors, 1990\u20132019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. 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