{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T22:57:04Z","timestamp":1788217024745,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Early postnatal stress is a critical factor in metabolic programming. Maternal separation (MS) in rodents, a widely validated model, has been linked to pancreatic alterations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of MS on pancreatic morphology and function in rodents. This review followed the PRISMA and SYRCLE guidelines, with a protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251004633). Experimental studies in rodents comparing MS with standard rearing, which reported pancreatic morphofunctional and metabolic parameters, were included. A comprehensive search was performed in the Web of Science, Embase, Medline, Scopus, BIREME-BVS, and SciELO databases until March 2025, without language restrictions. Extracted data included glucose, insulin, insulin sensitivity indices (QUICKI, HOMA), and glucose tolerance tests (GTTs). Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models, and subgroup analyses were applied to explore sources of heterogeneity. Of 491 references, 25 studies were included in the meta-analysis, which showed that MS was associated with significantly higher glucose levels (SMD \u22120.41; 95% CI: \u22120.71 to \u22120.11) and worse GTT response (SMD \u22121.02; 95% CI: \u22121.23 to \u22120.82). Furthermore, the QUICKI index was significantly decreased (SMD 0.75; 95% CI: 0.14 to 1.35), indicating insulin resistance. MS in rodents induces pancreatic alterations associated with insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, suggesting that early stress could program long-term metabolic vulnerability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26209927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T16:13:03Z","timestamp":1760717583000},"page":"9927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impact of Early Postnatal Maternal Separation Stress on Pancreatic Function in Rodents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Garc\u00eda-Orozco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Program in Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile"},{"name":"Center of Excellence in Morphological and Surgical Studies, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3930-252X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josue","family":"Rivadeneira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zero Biomedical Research, Quito 170403, Ecuador"},{"name":"Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4106-3548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B\u00e9lgica","family":"V\u00e1squez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Program in Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile"},{"name":"Center of Excellence in Morphological and Surgical Studies, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2022.105640","article-title":"The Adverse Childhood Experiences\u2014International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) in community samples around the world: A systematic review (part I)","volume":"129","author":"Pace","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child Abus. 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