{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T07:47:33Z","timestamp":1761292053008,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["STR 1186\/7-2","417637295"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STR 1186\/7-2","417637295"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Collaborative Research Centre","award":["1450-431460824"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1450-431460824"]}]},{"name":"Germany\/Sonderforschungsbereich inSight","award":["A02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A02"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"DFG\/Land NRW","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INST 211\/915-1 FUGG"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INST 211\/915-1 FUGG"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A bidentate ligand concept based on \u03b2-carbolines functionalized with a 1,2,4-triazolyl-moiety was designed and realized, enabling the development of a series of neutral rhenium(I) complexes. This new class of anionic ligands, incorporating either an unsubstituted 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole core (LnHo) or a 9-methyl-substitued variant (LMe-nHo), was developed towards tailored photofunctionality. Structural modification via methyl substitution at the indole moiety was found to enhance overall phosphorescence efficiency. Comparative studies of two monodentate auxiliary units revealed that 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) significantly reduces the photoluminescence efficiency compared to pyridine (Py). Solvent-dependent photoluminescence studies indicated that a lowered polarity leads to an increase in photoluminescence quantum yields (\u03a6L). The complex Re(LMe-nHo)Py emerged as the most efficient emitter, displaying a \u03a6L of 44% in dichloromethane (DCM). Notably, all complexes exhibited efficient quenching of excited triplet states by diffusional collision with triplet dioxygen (3O2), yielding good singlet dioxygen (1O2) photoproduction efficiencies (\u03a6\u0394) with a maximum of 45% observed for Re(LnHo)Py. These results highlight the suitability of these complexes for applications requiring efficient phosphorescence and oxygen photosensitization, such as bioimaging, and photodynamic therapy or photooxidation catalysis, while underscoring the central role of the tailored \u03b2-carboline-based chromoluminophores in enabling precise tuneability of photophysical properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262110349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T07:41:35Z","timestamp":1761291695000},"page":"10349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rhenium(I) Complexes with 2-(1,2,4-Triazol-5-yl)-\u03b2-Carboline-Based Bidentate Luminophores and Neutral Co-Ligands: Towards Tunable Phosphorescence and Efficient Singlet Dioxygen Photoproduction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2088-9586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joschua","family":"L\u00fcke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, Corrensstra\u00dfe 28\/30, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"},{"name":"CiMIC, SoN, CeNTech, Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 11, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6494-1446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Maisuls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, Corrensstra\u00dfe 28\/30, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"},{"name":"CiMIC, SoN, CeNTech, Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 11, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1288-925X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Hepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, Corrensstra\u00dfe 28\/30, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1964-0169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian A.","family":"Strassert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, Corrensstra\u00dfe 28\/30, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"},{"name":"CiMIC, SoN, CeNTech, Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 11, 48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balzani, V., and Campagna, S. (2007). Photochemistry and Photophysics of Coordination Compounds II, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-73349-2"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2019.04.014","article-title":"Organometallic and coordination rhenium compounds and their potential in cancer therapy","volume":"393","author":"Bauer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1002\/ejic.202100031","article-title":"Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of multimetallic rhenium (I) tricarbonyl complexes","volume":"2021","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1021\/cb500528c","article-title":"Underestimated Potential of Organometallic Rhenium Complexes as Anticancer Agents","volume":"9","author":"Leonidova","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15159","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.7b02470","article-title":"Trackable metallodrugs combining luminescent Re (I) and bioactive Au (I) fragments","volume":"56","author":"Luengo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.synthmet.2015.12.014","article-title":"Recent advances of neutral rhenium (I) tricarbonyl complexes for application in organic light-emitting diodes","volume":"212","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Synth. Met."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1039\/C5DT04093K","article-title":"Rhenium (I) terpyridine complexes\u2013synthesis, photophysical properties and application in organic light emitting devices","volume":"45","author":"Klemens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4095(199811)10:16<1337::AID-ADMA1337>3.0.CO;2-D","article-title":"Trifunctional Light-Emitting Molecules Based on Rhenium and Ruthenium Bipyridine Complexes","volume":"10","author":"Gong","year":"1998","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"2510","article-title":"Photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen from rhenium (I) and iridium (III) complexes","volume":"24","author":"Bourdelande","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.202000117","article-title":"Rhenium-based complexes and in vivo testing: A brief history","volume":"21","author":"Capper","year":"2020","journal-title":"ChemBioChem"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ica.2020.119650","article-title":"Photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen from rhenium(I) complexes: A review","volume":"509","author":"Wolcan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inorg. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2008.07.001","article-title":"Photophysical properties and applications of Re(I) and Re(I)\u2013Ru(II) carbonyl polypyridyl complexes","volume":"252","author":"Coleman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2019.213129","article-title":"Recent progress in the development of transition-metal based photoredox catalysts","volume":"405","author":"Glaser","year":"2020","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13266","DOI":"10.1021\/ja406144h","article-title":"Ring-shaped Re(I) multinuclear complexes with unique photofunctional properties","volume":"135","author":"Morimoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12237","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.3c00730","article-title":"Rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives with unexpectedly high cytotoxicity","volume":"62","author":"Enslin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2016.10.048","article-title":"New rhenium(I) complex with thiadiazole-annelated 1,10-phenanthroline for highly efficient phosphorescent OLEDs","volume":"137","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dye. Pigm."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10020","DOI":"10.1039\/c1dt10831j","article-title":"Luminescent rhenium(I) complexes with acetylamino-and trifluoroacetylamino-containing phenanthroline ligands: Anion-sensing study","volume":"40","author":"Ng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12734","DOI":"10.1021\/ja047446q","article-title":"Photochromic and luminescence switching properties of a versatile diarylethene-containing 1, 10-phenanthroline ligand and its rhenium(I) complex","volume":"126","author":"Yam","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5019","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.6b00609","article-title":"Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of Rhenium Complexes Containing Neutral, Monoanionic, and Dianionic Ligands of 2,2\u2032-Bipyridines and 2,2\u2032:6,2\u2033-Terpyridines: An Experimental and Density Functional Theory (DFT)-Computational Study","volume":"55","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6021","DOI":"10.1021\/ja500403e","article-title":"Direct Detection of Key Reaction Intermediates in Photochemical CO2 Reduction Sensitized by a Rhenium Bipyridine Complex","volume":"136","author":"Kou","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200305485","article-title":"Synthesis, Characterization and Photochromic Studies of Spirooxazine-Containing 2,2\u2032-Bipyridine Ligands and Their Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes","volume":"10","author":"Ko","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lees, A.J. (2010). Photophysics of Organometallics, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04729-9"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3292","DOI":"10.1039\/b718538c","article-title":"Syntheses, structural characterization and photophysical properties of 4-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,3-triazole rhenium (I) complexes","volume":"25","author":"Obata","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8611","DOI":"10.1039\/c1dt10084j","article-title":"Synthesis, structures, cellular uptake and apoptosis-inducing properties of highly cytotoxic ruthenium-Norharman complexes","volume":"40","author":"Tan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochem.2018.05.007","article-title":"Photophysical properties of [(norharmane)Re(CO)3(L)]+ complexes (L = bpy, phen or dppz). Redox behavior of the excited states and their interaction with Calf Thymus DNA","volume":"364","author":"Maisuls","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. A"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2013.09.051","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of ruthenium(II)-\u03b2-carboline complex","volume":"70","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12902","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201801272","article-title":"DNA Oxidation Photoinduced by Norharmane Rhenium(I) Polypyridyl Complexes: Effect of the Bidentate N, N\u2032-Ligands on the Damage Profile","volume":"24","author":"Maisuls","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13775","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.2c01572","article-title":"Rhenium(I) Complexes with Neutral Monodentate Coligands and Monoanionic 2-(1,2,4-Triazol-5-yl)pyridine-Based Chelators as Bidentate Luminophores with Tunable Color and Photosensitized Generation of 1O2: An Integrated Case Study Involving Photophysics and Theory","volume":"61","author":"Maisuls","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2014.06.019","article-title":"Light-stable bis (norharmane) silver(I) compounds: Synthesis, characterization and antiproliferative effects in cancer cells","volume":"140","author":"Khan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Inorg. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-0134(90)85006-I","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel biologically active platinum(II) and palladium(II) complexes of some \u03b2-carboline alkaloids","volume":"38","author":"Ayoub","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Inorg. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2020.05.001","article-title":"\u03b2-Carboline copper complex as a potential mitochondrial-targeted anticancer chemotherapeutic agent: Favorable attenuation of human breast cancer MCF7 cells via apoptosis","volume":"27","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5611","DOI":"10.1039\/c4cc01461h","article-title":"Cyclometalated iridium (III)\u2013\u03b2-carboline complexes as potent autophagy-inducing agents","volume":"50","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4398","DOI":"10.1039\/C9DT00322C","article-title":"Impairment of the autophagy-related lysosomal degradation pathway by an anticancer rhenium(I) complex","volume":"48","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18966","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NR05349E","article-title":"Ruthenium complex-modified carbon nanodots for lysosome-targeted one-and two-photon imaging and photodynamic therapy","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ica.2014.05.036","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, DNA binding ability and cytotoxicity of the novel platinum(II), copper(II), cobalt(II) andnickel (II) complexes with 3-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-\u03b2-carboline","volume":"421","author":"Jin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inorg. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2017.09.007","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, cellular uptake and apoptosis-inducing properties of two highly cytotoxic cyclometalated ruthenium(II) \u03b2-carboline complexes","volume":"140","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2306801","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202306801","article-title":"One Dianionic Luminophore with Three Coordination Modes Binding Four Different Metals: Toward Unexpectedly Phosphorescent Transition Metal Complexes","volume":"11","author":"Kirse","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9661","DOI":"10.1021\/jp506890r","article-title":"Solvent Dependent Switching of 3MLLCT and 1IL Luminescent States in [ClRe(CO)3(Bathocuproinedisulfonate)]2\u2013: Spectroscopic and Computational Study","volume":"118","author":"Saavedra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6736","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.9b03691","article-title":"Excited-state switching frustrates the tuning of properties in triphenylamine-donor-ligand rhenium(I) and platinum(II) complexes","volume":"59","author":"Shillito","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.organomet.3c00539","article-title":"Functional Pt(II) and Re(I) Complexes with CO- and \u03b2-Carboline-Based Coligands: From Time-Resolved Photoluminescence Spectroscopy and Evaluation of 1O2 Photosensitization Efficiency toward in vitro (Photo)cytotoxicity","volume":"43","author":"Kirse","year":"2024","journal-title":"Organometallics"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17064","DOI":"10.1039\/C5DT02790J","article-title":"Norharmane rhenium(I) polypyridyl complexes: Synthesis, structural and spectroscopic characterization","volume":"44","author":"Maisuls","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.poly.2013.09.033","article-title":"Experimental and theoretical characterisation of phosphorescence from rhenium polypyridyl tricarbonyl complexes","volume":"67","author":"Platts","year":"2014","journal-title":"Polyhedron"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11688","DOI":"10.1039\/C6DT01112H","article-title":"Contrasting photophysical properties of rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes having carbazole groups attached to the polypyridine ligand","volume":"45","author":"Ramos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Palion-Gazda, J., Sz\u0142apa-Kula, A., Penkala, M., Erfurt, K., and Machura, B. (2022). Photoinduced processes in rhenium(I) terpyridine complexes bearing remote amine groups: New insights from transient absorption spectroscopy. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27217147"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14466","DOI":"10.1039\/D2DT02439J","article-title":"A fundamental role of the solvent polarity and remote substitution of the 2-(4-R-phenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline framework in controlling the ground- and excited-state properties of Re(I) chromophores [ReCl(CO)3(R-C6H4-imphen)","volume":"51","author":"Ledwon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maisuls, I., Wolcan, E., David-Gara, P.M., Cabrerizo, F.M., Ferraudi, G.J., and Ruiz, G.T. (2021). Photophysical properties of a \u03b2-Carboline Rhenium(I) complex. Solvent effects on excited states and their redox reactivity. J. Photochem. Photobiol., 8.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpap.2021.100078"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1998.tb09082.x","article-title":"The correct use of \u201caverage\u201d fluorescence parameters","volume":"67","author":"Sillen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.7b02747","article-title":"Photoactivated in vitro anticancer activity of rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes bearing water-soluble phosphines","volume":"57","author":"Marker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7969","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.6b01017","article-title":"Luminescent Rhenium(I) Pyridyldiaminocarbene Complexes: Photophysics, Anion-Binding, and CO2-Capturing Properties","volume":"55","author":"Ng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4428","DOI":"10.1021\/jp402550g","article-title":"Photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen from Re(I) complexes: A photophysical study using LIOAS and luminescence techniques","volume":"117","author":"Ragone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochem.2004.12.006","article-title":"Mechanism of the excited singlet and triplet states quenching by molecular oxygen in acetonitrile","volume":"172","author":"Worrall","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. A"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19331","DOI":"10.1021\/ie502386t","article-title":"Solubility of Oxygen in Organic Solvents and Calculation of the Hansen Solubility Parameters of Oxygen","volume":"53","author":"Sato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5990","DOI":"10.1021\/jp060017p","article-title":"The effect of solvent polarity on the balance between charge transfer and non-charge transfer pathways in the sensitization of singlet oxygen by \u03c0\u03c0* triplet states","volume":"110","author":"Schmidt","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.organomet.3c00540","article-title":"Toward Highly Planar d8-Configured Metal Complexes with Tunable Phosphorescence, 1O2 Photogeneration, and Glass-Forming Abilities","volume":"43","author":"Buss","year":"2024","journal-title":"Organometallics"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/21\/10349\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T07:42:28Z","timestamp":1761291748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/21\/10349"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms262110349"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms262110349","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1422-0067"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]}}}