{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T22:41:53Z","timestamp":1792449713866,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":166,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Russian Ministry of Science and Higher Education","award":["075-15-2024-678"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2024-678"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovation of Uzbekistan","award":["ALM-202304076-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALM-202304076-07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pandemic preparedness is a complex of threat-agnostic countermeasures developed in advance which would be efficient against a future outbreak regardless of its causative agent, and broad-spectrum antivirals constitute a critical component of this complex. Plant polyphenols are known to suppress viruses of unrelated families by acting on multiple viral and cellular structures. We therefore searched for broad-spectrum antivirals among polyphenols that have been confirmed as safe to humans. The ellagitannin geraniin and galloylglucose constituents of the drug Rutan (1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-\u03b2-D-glucose [R5], 3-bis-O-galloyl-1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-\u03b2-D-glucose [R6], 2,4-bis-O-galloyl-1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-\u03b2-D-glucose [R7], 2,3,4-bis-O-galloyl-1,6-di-O-galloyl-\u03b2-D-glucose [R8]) were isolated from Geranium sanguineum and sumac (Rhus coriaria), respectively. We revealed their activity towards herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2), human cytomegalovirus (CMV), and the Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV). R5 suppressed HSV-1 and HSV-2 with equal efficiency, while Rutan and R7 were more active against HSV-1, and geraniin against HSV-2. Rutan and R5 also inhibited the intracellular replication of CMV and EBV (contrary to our expectations, geraniin and polyphenols R6\u2013R8 showed no activity). Thus, we have shown for the first time that sumac polyphenols are capable of suppressing\u2014in addition to HIV, influenza virus, and SARS-CoV-2\u2014the reproduction of representatives of all three Orthoherpesviridae subfamilies, meeting the criteria for further development as broad-spectrum antivirals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262110398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T00:51:42Z","timestamp":1761526302000},"page":"10398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sumac Polyphenols as Pan-Herpesvirus Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shavkat I.","family":"Salikhov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4619-458X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuliya I.","family":"Oshchepkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8337-1218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamolitdin F.","family":"Ziyavitdinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamshid M.","family":"Ashurov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3914-2714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nodir S.","family":"Berdiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikhail S.","family":"Kolundin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akhmed O.","family":"Gaidarov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0500-6407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali S.","family":"Turgiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4694-2445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirill I.","family":"Yurlov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8262-5650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor F.","family":"Larichev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina T.","family":"Fedyakina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria L.","family":"Andronova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8466-7993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia E.","family":"Fedorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3396-5533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alla A.","family":"Kushch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5659-9679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander V.","family":"Ivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1162-118X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduard V.","family":"Karamov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2020.11.009","article-title":"Economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare facilities and systems: International perspectives","volume":"35","author":"Kaye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Best Pract. 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