{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:50:40Z","timestamp":1792795840844,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"LABCOM 2019PHYTOPROB\u2019INOV","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AV0027085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AV0027085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity, a global health crisis, is linked to chronic low-grade inflammation and an increased risk of developing various chronic diseases, including psoriasis. Probiotics, postbiotics, and fermented foods have shown promise in combating inflammation and obesity. This study aimed to develop and characterize a chicory extract fermented with Bacteroides fragilis (C-B. fragilis) and its supernatant (phyto-postbiotic supernatant, PPS) as potential treatments for obesity, inflammation, and psoriasis. Polyphenols, organic acids, and amino acids were identified in the metabolic profile of C-B. fragilis. PPS and C-B. fragilis extract both revealed potent anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and antioxidant activities. In vitro assays highlighted that PPS significantly reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-8) in macrophages, and the secretion of IL-1\u03b2 in LPS-stimulated PBMCs. Moreover, PPS decreased triglyceride content in human adipocytes and modulated the expression of leptin and adiponectin. Regarding psoriasis, PPS reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1\u03b2) in both psoriatic keratinocytes and a co-culture model mimicking the skin-adipose tissue interface. In addition, PPS lowered S100 calcium-binding protein A7 (S100A7) expression in the co-culture model, suggesting a potential role in restoring skin barrier function. In summary, our results highlight the potential of PPS extract (supernatant of chicory fermentation by Bacteroides fragilis) as a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of obesity-related inflammation and psoriasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262110428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T09:16:07Z","timestamp":1761642967000},"page":"10428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Microbial Biotransformation of Chicory by Bacteroides fragilis: In Vitro Implications for Obesity-Related Psoriasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7318-6539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur","family":"Chervet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), CRNH-Auvergne, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Universit\u00e9 Clermont-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rawan","family":"Nehme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), CRNH-Auvergne, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Universit\u00e9 Clermont-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3607-1948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clemence","family":"Defois-Fraysse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Greencell, Biop\u00f4le Clermont-Limagne, 63360 Saint-Beauzire, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5328-1593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Decombat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), CRNH-Auvergne, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Universit\u00e9 Clermont-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8599-8479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celine","family":"Auxenfans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Banque de Tissus et de Cellules, H\u00f4pital Edouard-Herriot, 69000 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand","family":"Evrard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), CRNH-Auvergne, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Universit\u00e9 Clermont-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solene","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), CRNH-Auvergne, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and 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