{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:34:15Z","timestamp":1790354055490,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the leading causes of high mortality in cancer. The NRF2 (Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2) transcriptional factor can play a major role in MDR development. In this study, we tested the NRF2 inhibitors\u2014Apigenin, Berberine, Chrysin, and Luteolin (ABCL) for their ability to overcome doxorubicin resistance in acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells (HL-60\/DOXO cells). We examined the effects of NRF2 inhibitors on cell viability, apoptosis, DNA damage, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Our results indicate that Apigenin, Chrysin, and Luteolin can effectively overcome doxorubicin resistance in HL-60\/DOXO cells. On the contrary, Berberine does not demonstrate this activity and even hinders doxorubicin\u2019s activity. We hypothesize that the observed effects of ABCL may result from their interaction with the NRF2 factor, which is hyperactivated in the tested HL-60\/DOXO cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262110565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T01:23:59Z","timestamp":1761873839000},"page":"10565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Potential of Apigenin, Berberine, Chrysin, and Luteolin to Overcome Doxorubicin Resistance in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia HL-60 Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6292-133X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Wadowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141\/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, Banacha 12\/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6666-7973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Wo\u017aniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141\/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"12","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2024","volume":"74","author":"Siegel","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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