{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T16:54:39Z","timestamp":1763484879737,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre, Poland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\/39\/O\/NZ5\/02171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/39\/O\/NZ5\/02171"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) following endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) is often diagnosed too late using conventional markers, limiting opportunities for timely intervention in this high-risk population. We investigated whether a mechanism-based biomarker panel could provide improved early AKI detection in EVAR patients. This prospective, single-center study enrolled 68 consecutive EVAR patients between April 2022 and June 2024. AKI was diagnosed using KDIGO 2012 criteria. Seven novel biomarkers, including Proenkephalin A 119-159 (penKid), Semaphorin-3A (SEMA-3A), Retinol Binding Protein-4 (RBP-4), Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1), Netrin-1, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-2, and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-7, were measured at baseline, immediate postoperative, 24 h, and 48 h time points, and selected based on distinct nephron locations and release mechanisms. AKI occurred in 18 (26.5%) patients. Top-performing individual biomarkers included serum SEMA-3A (AUC 0.88), serum RBP-4 (AUC 0.81), and penKid (AUC 0.76). A three-biomarker panel combining serum penKid, serum SEMA-3A, and urinary KIM-1 achieved robust discriminatory performance (AUC 0.89, 95% CI 0.77\u20131.00), superior to individual biomarkers. An alternative panel with serum RBP-4 demonstrated comparable performance (AUC 0.81, 95% CI 0.65\u20130.99). Multi-biomarker panels combining functional, stress, and injury markers demonstrate promising performance for early AKI detection in EVAR patients. External validation in independent, multi-center cohorts is required before clinical implementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262211156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T16:49:51Z","timestamp":1763484591000},"page":"11156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of a Novel Biomarker Panel for Acute Kidney Injury Following Endovascular Aortic Repair"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7312-1880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konrad","family":"Zuzda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Walczak-Wieteska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9911-2277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Andruszkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8701-8171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jolanta","family":"Ma\u0142yszko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2015.01.002","article-title":"Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) after Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) and Impact on Outcome","volume":"49","author":"Saratzis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. 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