{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T18:27:40Z","timestamp":1788805660759,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Taishan Industrial Experts Program"},{"name":"Yuandu Industry Leading Talents Project"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Peimine (PM), a steroidal alkaloid derived from aged garlic (Allium sativum L.), demonstrates potent therapeutic efficacy against ulcerative colitis (UC) through multi-target mechanisms. Integrating network pharmacology and in vivo validation, we reveal that PM suppresses colitis by concurrently inhibiting PI3K-AKT, JAK-STAT, and HIF-1 signaling pathways\u2014key drivers of inflammation and oxidative stress. In a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC, oral PM administration (4 mg\/kg) significantly attenuated disease severity, evidenced by reduced disease activity index, restored colon length, and improved epithelial barrier integrity. PM treatment diminished pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-\u03b1 (4.2-fold) and IL-6 (3.1-fold) and oxidative damage while reshaping gut microbiota composition to enrich beneficial taxa (Akkermansia muciniphila, Lactobacillus spp.). Critically, PM rescued fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production (acetate, propionate, butyrate), directly linking microbial remodeling to mucosal healing. These findings establish PM as a novel natural compound targeting inflammation-redox-microbiota crosstalk, offering a promising pharmacological strategy for UC management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262211203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T09:44:53Z","timestamp":1763631893000},"page":"11203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Peimine Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Attenuating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4212-8583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuke","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang 261325, China"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3548-6093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deping","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang 261325, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8196-7055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haojie","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang 261325, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moyue","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingding","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang 261325, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5910-458X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang 261325, China"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00966-2","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis","volume":"402","author":"Honap","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.15389","article-title":"Ulcerative Colitis in Adults: A Review","volume":"330","author":"Gros","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.08.013","article-title":"Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Urban China: A Nationwide Population-based Study","volume":"21","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. 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