{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:27:15Z","timestamp":1792182435073,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":160,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic wounds, particularly those associated with diabetes, persist as a significant clinical challenge due to prolonged or incomplete healing, elevated infection rates, and the ensuing risk of lower-limb amputation. This review summarises recent advances in biomaterials for wound healing, focusing on chitosan-based systems modified with metal nanoparticles and polyphenols. The text emphasises the pivotal function of nanotechnology in facilitating targeted delivery and synergistic bioactivity. The present study places particular emphasis on the synergistic use of chitosan and polyphenols in drug delivery systems and next-generation wound dressings. This combination successfully overcomes the key limitations of their individual use, such as the poor solubility of polyphenols and the limited stability of chitosan. The encapsulation of polyphenols within the nanostructures of chitosan is a process enabled by nanotechnology. This process has been shown to enhance the bioavailability of the polyphenols, to allow for controlled release, and to improve their biological performance. This review methodically synthesises the extant experimental evidence demonstrating that these multifunctional systems exhibit regenerative, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties that may support selected biological processes relevant to wound repair. The promotion of angiogenesis, fibroblast growth, and epithelial regeneration is accompanied by a reduction in infection-related complications. Whilst the majority of the studies under review are of a preclinical nature, the body of evidence suggests that further enhancement and quantitative evaluation of these systems has the potential to pave the way for clinically relevant therapies for chronic and diabetic wounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262311748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T13:53:30Z","timestamp":1764856410000},"page":"11748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Therapeutic Potential of Chitosan-Based and Related Nanocomposite Systems in Wound Management: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9201-6786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"Bielska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4050-2756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Mi\u0142owska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.119","article-title":"Antibacterial and wound healing\u2013promoting effect of sponge-like chitosan-loaded silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by iturin","volume":"181","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1731791","article-title":"Wound healing: A comprehensive review","volume":"35","author":"Almadani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.030","article-title":"Synthesis of silver\/Fe3O4@chitosan@polyvinyl alcohol magnetic nanoparticles as an antibacterial agent for accelerating wound healing","volume":"221","author":"Qi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guimar\u00e3es, I., Baptista-Silva, S., Pintado, M., and Oliveira, A.L. (2021). Polyphenols: A promising avenue in therapeutic solutions for wound care. Appl. Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/app11031230"},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Data Bridge Market Research (2025, July 02). Wound Dressings Market\u2014Industry Trends and Forecast to 2031. Available online: https:\/\/www.databridgemarketresearch.com\/reports\/global-wound-dressings-market."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2019.03.092","article-title":"A novel bioactive quaternized chitosan and its silver-containing nanocomposites as a potent antimicrobial wound dressing: Structural and biological properties","volume":"101","author":"Rahimi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtchem.2022.101319","article-title":"Nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches for wound healing: A review of the state-of-the-art","volume":"27","author":"Gowda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Today Chem."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2025, July 02). Diabetes. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/diabetes#tab=tab_1."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reddy, V.N., Nyamathulla, S., Pahirulzaman, K.A.K., Mokhtar, S.I., Giribabu, N., and Pasupuleti, V.R. (2022). Gallocatechin-silver nanoparticles embedded in cotton gauze patches accelerated wound healing in diabetic rats by promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis through the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway. PLoS ONE, 17.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0268505"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67700-8","article-title":"Wound healing and its impairment in the diabetic foot","volume":"366","author":"Falanga","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14931","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14931","article-title":"The incidence of lower extremity amputation and its associated risk factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: A meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119687","article-title":"Carboxymethyl chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose based self-healing hydrogel for accelerating diabetic wound healing","volume":"292","author":"Chang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S361282","article-title":"How effective are nano-based dressings in diabetic wound healing? A comprehensive review of literature","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00715-1","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of skin wound healing","volume":"25","author":"Martin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116175","article-title":"Wound healing of nanofiber comprising polygalacturonic\/hyaluronic acid embedded silver nanoparticles: In-vitro and in-vivo studies","volume":"238","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kness-Knezinskis, E., Sheckley, M., Hostler, A.C., Mora Pinos, M.G., Chen, K., and Gurtner, G.C. (J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthetic Surg., 2025). Translational approaches manipulating mechanobiology to promote scarless healing in humans, J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthetic Surg., Advance online publication.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2025.06.041"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zulkefli, N., Che Zahari, C.N.M., Sayuti, N.H., Kamarudin, A.A., Saad, N., Hamezah, H.S., Bunawan, H., Baharum, S.N., Mediani, A., and Ahmed, Q.U. (2023). Flavonoids as potential wound-healing molecules: Emphasis on pathways perspective. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054607"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhivya, S., Padma, V.V., and Santhini, E. (2015). Wound dressings\u2014A review. Biomedicine, 5.","DOI":"10.7603\/s40681-015-0022-9"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-023-02650-4","article-title":"Chitosan\/Polylactic Acid Nanofibers Containing Astragaloside IV as a New Biodegradable Wound Dressing for Wound Healing","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bruna, T., Maldonado-Bravo, F., Jara, P., and Caro, N. (2021). Silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial applications. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22137202"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2555","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S246764","article-title":"The antibacterial mechanism of silver nanoparticles and its application in dentistry","volume":"15","author":"Yin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1039\/C4TB01638F","article-title":"Stimulation of wound healing by PU\/hydrogel composites containing fibroblast growth factor-2","volume":"3","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Persinal-Medina, M., Llames, S., Chac\u00f3n, M., V\u00e1zquez, N., Pevida, M., Alcalde, I., Alonso-Alonso, S., Mart\u00ednez-L\u00f3pez, L.M., Merayo-Lloves, J., and Meana, \u00c1. (2022). Polymerizable skin hydrogel for full thickness wound healing. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23094837"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12797","article-title":"Chitin and chitosan: Biopolymers for wound management","volume":"14","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.3390\/md13031133","article-title":"Chitin and chitosan preparation from marine sources. Structure, properties, and applications","volume":"13","author":"Younes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.141","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of arginine-modified chitosan\/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film","volume":"145","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration (2025, July 03). GRAS Notices, Available online: https:\/\/www.hfpappexternal.fda.gov\/scripts\/fdcc\/index.cfm?set=grasnotices&sort=GRN_No&order=DESC&showAll=true&type=basic&search=."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2021.10.004","article-title":"Chronic wound healing by controlled release of chitosan hydrogels loaded with silver nanoparticles and calendula extract","volume":"31","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Tissue Viability"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2959","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(01)00042-4","article-title":"The effect of chitin and chitosan on the proliferation of human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro","volume":"22","author":"Howling","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2023.121084","article-title":"Carboxymethyl chitosan-quercetin conjugate: A sustainable one-step synthesis and use for food preservation","volume":"316","author":"Sela","year":"2023","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K\u0142osi\u0144ski, K.K., Wach, R.A., Kruczkowska, W., Duda, \u0141., Ko\u0142at, D., Ka\u0142uzi\u0144ska-Ko\u0142at, \u017b., Arkuszewski, P.T., and Pasieka, Z.W. (2023). Carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels for effective wound healing\u2014An animal study. J. Funct. Biomater., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14090473"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmt.2024.102206","article-title":"Ultrasmall gold nanoparticles\/carboxymethyl chitosan composite hydrogel: Tough, restorable, biocompatible antimicrobial dressing for wound healing","volume":"38","author":"Dong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Mater. Today"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4733","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24972-2","article-title":"Microchannelled alkylated chitosan sponge to treat noncompressible hemorrhages and facilitate wound healing","volume":"12","author":"Du","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.067","article-title":"Chitosan\/hyaluronic acid\/alginate and assorted polymers loaded with honey, plant, and marine compounds for progressive wound healing\u2014Know-how","volume":"186","author":"Prasathkumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, Y., Kang, Y., Wang, T., Li, C., Shen, S., Qu, C., Gong, S., Liu, P., Yang, L., and Liu, J. (2022). Alginate microspheres-collagen hydrogel, as a novel 3D culture system, enhanced skin wound healing of hUCMSCs in a rat model. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces, 219.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2022.112799"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fayyazbakhsh, F., Khayat, M.J., and Leu, M.C. (2022). 3D-Printed gelatin-alginate hydrogel dressings for burn wound healing: A comprehensive study. Int. J. Bioprinting, 8.","DOI":"10.18063\/ijb.v8i4.618"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliveira, C., Sousa, D., Teixeira, J.A., Ferreira-Santos, P., and Botelho, C.M. (2023). Polymeric biomaterials for wound healing. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1136077"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32716","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c06986","article-title":"Fabrication of bacterial cellulose-based dressings for promoting infected wound healing","volume":"13","author":"Wahid","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3792","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c21039","article-title":"Development of cellulose nanofibril\/casein-based 3D composite hemostasis scaffold for potential wound-healing application","volume":"14","author":"Biranje","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioeng.2007.08.014","article-title":"Dextran and hyaluronan methacrylate-based hydrogels as matrices for soft tissue reconstruction","volume":"24","author":"Weisser","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomol. Eng."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20976","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1115973108","article-title":"Dextran hydrogel scaffolds enhance angiogenic responses and promote complete skin regeneration during burn wound healing","volume":"108","author":"Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"243","article-title":"Design of 3D smart scaffolds using natural, synthetic, and hybrid-derived polymers for skin regenerative applications","volume":"4","author":"Suamte","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Mater. Med."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fibrin: An underrated biopolymer for skin tissue engineering","volume":"2","author":"Bencherif","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ndlovu, S.P., Ngece, K., Alven, S., and Aderibigbe, B.A. (2021). Gelatin-based hybrid scaffolds: Promising wound dressings. Polymers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13172959"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kohli, N., Sharma, V., Brown, S.J., and Garc\u00eda-Gareta, E. (2019). Synthetic polymers for skin biomaterials. Biomaterials for Skin Repair and Regeneration, Woodhead Publishing.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-102546-8.00005-4"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202200595","DOI":"10.1002\/asia.202200595","article-title":"Production and application of biomaterials based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as wound dressing","volume":"17","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Asian J."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.35146","article-title":"Alginate\/polyvinyl alcohol films for wound healing: Advantages and challenges","volume":"111","author":"Saraiva","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B Appl. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yi, X., He, J., Wei, X., Li, H., Liu, X., and Cheng, F. (2023). A polyphenol and \u03b5-polylysine functionalized bacterial cellulose\/PVA multifunctional hydrogel for wound healing. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 247.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.125663"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.2c00903","article-title":"Fabrication of a chitosan-based wound dressing patch for enhanced antimicrobial, hemostatic, and wound healing application","volume":"6","author":"Jayabal","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Bio Mater."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2017.01.005","article-title":"A review on polymeric hydrogel membranes for wound dressing applications: PVA-based hydrogel dressings","volume":"8","author":"Kamoun","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morales-Gonz\u00e1lez, M., D\u00edaz, L.E., Dominguez-Paz, C., and Valero, M.F. (2022). Insights into the design of polyurethane dressings suitable for the stages of skin wound-healing: A systematic review. Polymers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14152990"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.048","article-title":"Polyurethane and cellulose acetate micro-nanofibers containing rosemary essential oil, and decorated with silver nanoparticles for wound healing application","volume":"226","author":"Rather","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1002\/polb.22259","article-title":"Biomedical applications of biodegradable polymers","volume":"49","author":"Ulery","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.301","article-title":"Polyglycolic acid induced inflammation: Role of hydrolysis and resulting complement activation","volume":"12","author":"Ceonzo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tissue Eng."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e33693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e33693","article-title":"Non-isocyanate polyurethane-co-polyglycolic acid electrospun nanofiber membrane wound dressing with high biocompatibility, hemostasis, and prevention of chronic wound formation","volume":"10","author":"Ge","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7041","DOI":"10.1007\/s00289-021-03865-w","article-title":"Polycaprolactone-based materials in wound healing applications","volume":"79","author":"Raina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polym. Bull."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2021.106021","article-title":"Mesoporous silica incorporated PCL\/Curcumin nanofiber for wound healing application","volume":"167","author":"Rathinavel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46322","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c09713","article-title":"HE@PCL\/PCE gel-nanofiber dressing with robust self-adhesion toward high wound-healing rate via microfluidic electrospinning technology","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118062","article-title":"Electrospun poly-caprolactone\/graphene oxide\/quercetin nanofibrous scaffold for wound dressing: Evaluation of biological and structural properties","volume":"257","author":"Faraji","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2019.09.016","article-title":"Drug-polymer hybrid macromolecular engineering: Degradable PEG integrated by Platinum(IV) for cancer therapy","volume":"1","author":"Qian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Matter"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.080","article-title":"Copper incorporated microporous chitosan-polyethylene glycol hydrogels loaded with naproxen for effective drug release and anti-infection wound dressing","volume":"95","author":"Mishra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andrade del Olmo, J., Alonso, J.M., S\u00e1ez-Mart\u00ednez, V., Benito-Cid, S., Moreno-Ben\u00edtez, I., Bengoa-Larrauri, M., P\u00e9rez-Gonz\u00e1lez, R., Vilas-Vilela, J.L., and P\u00e9rez-\u00c1lvarez, L. (2022). Self-healing, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory chitosan-PEG hydrogels for ulcerated skin wound healing and drug delivery. Biomater. Adv., 139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioadv.2022.212992"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enganabound.2023.02.055","article-title":"Investigation of the mechanical stability of polyethylene glycol hydrogel reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils for wound healing: Molecular dynamics simulation","volume":"151","author":"Koochaki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eng. Anal. Bound. Elem."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-010-9900-y","article-title":"A review of the antibacterial effects of silver nanoparticles and potential implications for human health and the environment","volume":"12","author":"Hoek","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Nanoparticle Res."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7614753","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7614753","article-title":"Certain aspects of silver and silver nanoparticles in wound care: A minireview","volume":"2016","author":"Konop","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nanomater."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2010.00705.x","article-title":"Evaluating antimicrobial efficacy of new commercially available silver dressings","volume":"7","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2007.00296.x","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of silver-containing dressings on wound microorganisms using an in vitro biofilm model","volume":"4","author":"Percival","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1021\/cr030698+","article-title":"Gold nanoparticles: Assembly, supramolecular chemistry, quantum size-related properties, and applications in biology, catalysis, and nanotechnology","volume":"104","author":"Daniel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5132","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c00294","article-title":"Effects of the association between photobiomodulation and hyaluronic acid linked gold nanoparticles in wound healing","volume":"6","author":"Mendes","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22614","article-title":"Influence of gold nanoparticles on wound healing treatment in rat model: Photobiomodulation therapy","volume":"49","author":"Lau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lasers Surg. Med."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.32725\/jab.2009.008","article-title":"Gold and gold nanoparticles in medicine: A review, toxicology, and perspectives","volume":"7","author":"Panyala","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Appl. Biomed."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pivodov\u00e1, V., Frankov\u00e1, J., Galand\u00e1kov\u00e1, A., and Ulrichov\u00e1, J. (2015). In vitro AuNPs\u2019 cytotoxicity and their effect on wound healing. Nanobiomedicine, 2.","DOI":"10.5772\/61132"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5737","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b01240","article-title":"Pharmaceutical intermediate-modified gold nanoparticles: Against multidrug-resistant bacteria and wound-healing application via an electrospun scaffold","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2018.04.007","article-title":"Topical application of keratinocyte growth factor conjugated gold nanoparticles accelerates wound healing","volume":"14","author":"Pan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1177\/0885328216644536","article-title":"Collagen\/gold nanoparticle nanocomposites: A potential skin wound healing biomaterial","volume":"31","author":"Akturk","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biomater. Appl."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2198","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.9b00472","article-title":"Gold nanoparticle-integrated scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine","volume":"19","author":"Yadid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7643","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S223941","article-title":"Gold nanoparticles and angiogenesis: Molecular mechanisms and biomedical applications","volume":"14","author":"Darweesh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tkab047","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkab047","article-title":"Role of copper nanoparticles in wound healing for chronic wounds: Literature review","volume":"10","author":"Salvo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Burn. Trauma"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.2.257","article-title":"Copper deficiency reduces interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and IL-2 mRNA in human T-lymphocytes","volume":"127","author":"Hopkins","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-nbt.2013.0052","article-title":"Biosynthesis and wound healing activity of copper nanoparticles","volume":"8","author":"Tiwari","year":"2014","journal-title":"IET Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.07.110","article-title":"Copper nanoparticles promote rapid wound healing in acute full thickness defect via acceleration of skin cell migration, proliferation, and neovascularization","volume":"517","author":"Alizadeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sandoval, C., R\u00edos, G., Sep\u00falveda, N., Salvo, J., Souza-Mello, V., and Far\u00edas, J. (2022). Effectiveness of copper nanoparticles in wound healing process using in vivo and in vitro studies: A systematic review. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14091838"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zangeneh, M.M., Ghaneialvar, H., Akbaribazm, M., Ghanimatdan, M., Abbasi, N., Goorani, S., Pirabbasi, E., and Zangeneh, A. (2019). Novel synthesis of Falcaria vulgaris leaf extract conjugated copper nanoparticles with potent cytotoxicity, antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, and cutaneous wound healing activities under in vitro and in vivo conditions. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol., 197.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2019.111556"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blinov, A.V., Kachanov, M.D., Gvozdenko, A.A., Nagdalian, A.A., Blinova, A.A., Rekhman, Z.A., Golik, A.B., Vakalov, D.S., Maglakelidze, D.G., and Nagapetova, A.G. (2023). Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles stabilized with biopolymers for application in wound-healing mixed gels. Gels, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels9010057"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, J., Pi, J., and Cai, J. (2018). The advancing of zinc oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Bioinorg. Chem. Appl., 2018.","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1062562"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2022.06.423","article-title":"A review on role of zinc as a potent immunity boosting agent","volume":"68","author":"Kanwar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheferov, I., Balakireva, A., Panteleev, D., Spitskaya, I., Orekhov, S., Kazantsev, O., Solovyeva, A., Novopoltsev, D., and Melnikova, N. (2022). The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on properties and burn wound healing activity of thixotropic xymedone gels. Sci. Pharm., 90.","DOI":"10.3390\/scipharm90040061"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-015-2958-9","article-title":"In vitro toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles: A review","volume":"17","author":"Pandurangan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Nanoparticle Res."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2019.02.189","article-title":"Investigations on the antimicrobial activity and wound healing potential of ZnO nanoparticles","volume":"479","author":"Kaushik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saddik, M.S., Elsayed, M.M.A., El-Mokhtar, M.A., Sedky, H., Abdel-Aleem, J.A., Abu-Dief, A.M., Al-Hakkani, M.F., Hussein, H.L., Al-Shelkamy, S.A., and Meligy, F.Y. (2022). Tailoring of novel azithromycin-loaded zinc oxide nanoparticles for wound healing. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14010111"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1007\/s11696-020-01343-7","article-title":"Adsorption, antimicrobial, and wound healing activities of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles","volume":"75","author":"Batool","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Pap."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wright, J.A., Richards, T., and Srai, S.K.S. (2014). The role of iron in the skin and cutaneous wound healing. Front. Pharmacol., 5.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2014.00156"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, Z., Yu, D., Nie, F., Wang, Y., and Chong, Y. (2023). Iron nanoparticles open up new directions for promoting healing in chronic wounds in the context of bacterial infection. Pharmaceutics, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15092327"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33303","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c02822","article-title":"Influence of physicochemical properties of iron oxide nanoparticles on their antibacterial activity","volume":"9","author":"Uddin","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5304","DOI":"10.1002\/aoc.5304","article-title":"Biosynthesis of iron nanoparticles using Allium eriophyllum Boiss extract: Chemical characterization, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antifungal, and cutaneous wound healing effects","volume":"34","author":"Zangeneh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Organomet. Chem."},{"key":"ref_96","first-page":"e01121","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of a novel dual sensitive iron nanoparticles incorporated Schiff base composite hydrogel for diabetic wound healing therapy","volume":"42","author":"Suriya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sustain. Mater. Technol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.04.034","article-title":"Preparation and in vivo evaluation of cationic elastic liposomes comprising highly skin-permeable growth factors combined with hyaluronic acid for enhanced diabetic wound-healing therapy","volume":"57","author":"Choi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2013.08.013","article-title":"Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) for pulmonary application: A review of the state of the art","volume":"86","author":"Weber","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(01)00105-3","article-title":"Solid lipid nanoparticles: Production, characterization and applications","volume":"47","author":"Mehnert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8091","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S478964","article-title":"Advancements and challenges of nanostructured lipid carriers for wound healing applications","volume":"19","author":"Wathoni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.05.098","article-title":"Chitosan\u2013hyaluronic acid composite sponge scaffold enriched with Andrographolide-loaded lipid nanoparticles for enhanced wound healing","volume":"173","author":"Sanad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2024.124876","article-title":"Stearic acid-based nanoparticles loaded with antibacterial peptides\u2014Bacitracin and LL-37: Selection of manufacturing parameters, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial efficacy","volume":"667","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2020.125748","article-title":"Effectiveness of topical caraway essential oil loaded into nanostructured lipid carrier as a promising platform for the treatment of infected wounds","volume":"610","author":"Tazehjani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2023.103002","article-title":"Multifunctional lipid-based nanoparticles for wound healing and antibacterial applications: A review","volume":"321","author":"Motsoene","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2019.01.008","article-title":"Chamomile oil loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: A naturally formulated remedy to enhance the wound healing","volume":"50","author":"Gad","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.12.010","article-title":"Composite nanofibrous membranes of PLGA\/Aloe vera containing lipid nanoparticles for wound dressing applications","volume":"556","author":"Gainza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mukherjee, C., and Chakraborty, S. (2021). Study of dietary polyphenols from natural herbal sources for providing protection against human degenerative disorders. Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol., 33.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2021.101956"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.4161\/oxim.2.5.9498","article-title":"Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease","volume":"2","author":"Pandey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0307.12515","article-title":"A review on polyphenols: Classification, beneficial effects and their application in dairy products","volume":"71","author":"Cutrim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Dairy Technol."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2019.07.013","article-title":"Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties of plant extracts used in the treatment of wounds and dermatological diseases","volume":"126","author":"Ghuman","year":"2019","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dzia\u0142o, M.A., Mierziak, J., Korzun, U., Preisner, M., Szopa, J., and Kulma, A. (2016). The potential of plant phenolics in prevention and therapy of skin disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17020160"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bouarab-Chibane, L., Forquet, V., Lant\u00e9ri, P., Cl\u00e9ment, Y., L\u00e9onard-Akkari, L., Oulahal, N., Degraeve, P., and Bordes, C. (2019). Antibacterial properties of polyphenols: Characterization and QSAR models (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship). Front. Microbiol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00829"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Negut, I., Grumezescu, V., and Grumezescu, A.M. (2018). Strategies for treating infected wounds. Molecules, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23092392"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cherrak, S.A., Mokhtari-Soulimane, N., Berroukeche, F., Bensenane, B., Cherbonnel, A., Merzouk, H., and Elhabiri, M. (2016). In vitro antioxidant versus metal ion chelating properties of flavonoids: A structure-activity investigation. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165575"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1021\/np9904509","article-title":"Flavonoids as antioxidants","volume":"63","author":"Pietta","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.192","article-title":"Thymol enriched bacterial cellulose hydrogel as effective material for third degree burn wound repair","volume":"122","author":"Jiji","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.057","article-title":"Biocompatible and biodegradable poly(tannic acid) hydrogel with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties","volume":"82","author":"Sahiner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370217712961","article-title":"The impact of quercetin on wound healing relates to changes in \u03b1V and \u03b21 integrin expression","volume":"242","author":"Doersch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.098","article-title":"Tannic acid\/CaII anchored on the surface of chitin nanofiber sponge by layer-by-layer deposition: Integrating effective antibacterial and hemostatic performance","volume":"159","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2014.08.081","article-title":"Development of tannic acid\/chitosan\/pullulan composite nanofibers from aqueous solution for potential applications as wound dressing","volume":"115","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2014.09.004","article-title":"Curcumin-encapsulated nanoparticles as innovative antimicrobial and wound healing agent","volume":"11","author":"Krausz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.03.069","article-title":"Development of novel wound care systems based on nanosilver nanohydrogels of polymethacrylic acid with Aloe vera and curcumin","volume":"64","author":"Anjum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2018.11.026","article-title":"A review on advanced microencapsulation technology to enhance bioavailability of phenolic compounds: Based on its activity in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"85","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2017.12.021","article-title":"Release and permeation profiles of spray-dried chitosan microparticles containing caffeic acid","volume":"26","author":"Spagnol","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm. J."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2019.03.011","article-title":"Microencapsulation of polyphenols\u2014The specific case of the microencapsulation of Sambucus nigra L. extracts: A review","volume":"105","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1080\/03639045.2018.1496448","article-title":"Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation of nano formulations of ferulic acid in diabetic wound healing","volume":"44","author":"Bairagi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.5138\/09750185.2271","article-title":"Nano-curcumin: A potent booster of the body\u2019s antioxidant system in diabetic mice","volume":"10","author":"Potphode","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Phytomed."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2016.10.029","article-title":"Resveratrol encapsulation in core-shell biopolymer nanoparticles: Impact on antioxidant and anticancer activities","volume":"64","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4969","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S252027","article-title":"Polyphenol-conjugated bimetallic Au@Ag nanoparticles for improved wound healing","volume":"15","author":"Tarnawska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.199","article-title":"Zinc improves antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and cell motility activity of chitosan for wound healing applications","volume":"213","author":"Mutlu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonilla, J.J.A., Honorato, L., Guimar\u00e3es, A.J., Miranda, K., and Nimrichter, L. (2022). Silver chitosan nanocomposites are effective to combat sporotrichosis. Front. Nanotechnol., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnano.2022.857681"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2018.10.010","article-title":"Biomedical potential of chitosan-silver nanoparticles with special reference to antioxidant, antibacterial, hemolytic and in vivo cutaneous wound healing effects","volume":"1863","author":"Hajji","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Gen. Subj."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119824","article-title":"Shear-thinning and self-healing chitosan-graphene oxide hydrogel for hemostasis and wound healing","volume":"294","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, M.-X., Zhao, W.-Y., Fang, Q.-Q., Wang, X.-F., Chen, C.-Y., Shi, B.-H., Zheng, B., Wang, S.-J., Tan, W.-Q., and Wu, L.-H. (2021). Effects of chitosan-collagen dressing on wound healing in vitro and in vivo assays. J. Appl. Biomater. Funct. Mater., 19.","DOI":"10.1177\/2280800021989698"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118100","article-title":"Alginate-chitosan oligosaccharide-ZnO composite hydrogel for accelerating wound healing","volume":"266","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.110","article-title":"Fabrication of chitosan\/PVP\/dihydroquercetin nanocomposite film for in vitro and in vivo evaluation of wound healing","volume":"206","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2017.12.041","article-title":"Cutaneous wound healing using polymeric surgical dressings based on chitosan, sodium hyaluronate, and resveratrol: A preclinical experimental study","volume":"163","author":"Berce","year":"2018","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.198","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of epigallocatechin gallate, ascorbic acid, gelatin, chitosan nanoparticles and their beneficial effect on wound healing of diabetic mice","volume":"148","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173172","article-title":"Quercetin loaded chitosan tripolyphosphate nanoparticles accelerated cutaneous wound healing in Wistar rats","volume":"880","author":"Choudhary","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.10.041","article-title":"Novel clotrimazole and Vitis vinifera loaded chitosan nanoparticles: Antifungal and wound healing efficiencies","volume":"29","author":"Elshaer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.117640","article-title":"Wound healing performance of PCL\/chitosan based electrospun nanofiber electrosprayed with curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles","volume":"259","author":"Fahimirad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.117675","article-title":"Modification of chitosan using amino acids for wound healing purposes: A review","volume":"258","author":"Torkaman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aranaz, I., Alc\u00e1ntara, A.R., Civera, M.C., Arias, C., Elorza, B., Heras Caballero, A., and Acosta, N. (2021). Chitosan: An overview of its properties and applications. Polymers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13193256"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strupiechonski, E., Moreno-R\u00edos, M., \u00c1vila-D\u00e1vila, E.O., Rom\u00e1n-Doval, R., Prokhorov, E., Kovalenko, Y., Z\u00e1rate-Trivi\u00f1o, D.G., Medina, D.I., and Luna-Barcenas, G. (2021). Relaxation phenomena in chitosan-Au nanoparticle thin films. Polymers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13193214"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119767","article-title":"New injectable chitosan-hyaluronic acid based hydrogels for hemostasis and wound healing","volume":"294","author":"Weng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116063","article-title":"Controlled size green synthesis of bioactive silver nanoparticles assisted by chitosan and its derivatives and their application in biofilm preparation","volume":"236","author":"Affes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116025","article-title":"Alginate-based composite materials for wound dressing application: A mini review","volume":"236","author":"Varaprasad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.035","article-title":"Nanochitosan enriched poly \u03b5-caprolactone electrospun wound dressing membranes: A fine tuning of physicochemical properties, hemocompatibility and curcumin release profile","volume":"108","author":"Reshmi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2018.01.010","article-title":"Curcumin and piperine loaded zein-chitosan nanoparticles: Development and in-vitro characterisation","volume":"26","author":"Baspinar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm. J."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119336","article-title":"Carboxymethyl chitosan-based hydrogels containing fibroblast growth factors for triggering diabetic wound healing","volume":"287","author":"Hao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-024-03538-1","article-title":"Polyphenols in wound healing: Unlocking prospects with clinical applications","volume":"398","author":"Utpal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Naunyn\u2013Schmiedeberg\u2019s Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawson, M.K. (2023). Improvement of therapeutic value of quercetin with chitosan nanoparticle delivery systems and potential applications. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043293"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-017-0670-y","article-title":"Chitosan nanoparticles: Preparation and applications","volume":"16","author":"Divya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.104849","article-title":"Preparation methods and applications of chitosan nanoparticles; with an outlook toward reinforcement of biodegradable packaging","volume":"161","author":"Yanat","year":"2021","journal-title":"React. Funct. Polym."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2018.11.161","article-title":"Oxidized and amino-functionalized nanodiamonds as shuttles for delivery of plant secondary metabolites: Interplay between chemical affinity and bioactivity","volume":"470","author":"Reina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1007\/s003940170020","article-title":"Evaluation of polyphenol bioavailability in rat small intestine","volume":"40","author":"Carbonaro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-2-7","article-title":"Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery? An overview","volume":"2","author":"Naidu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nutr. J."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12372","article-title":"Dressing with epigallocatechin gallate-nanoparticles for wound regeneration","volume":"24","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valencia, M.S., da Silva J\u00fanior, M.F., Xavier J\u00fanior, F.H., Veras, B.d.O., de Oliveira Borba, E.F., da Silva, T.G., Lansky Xavier, V., de Souza, M.P., and Carneiro-da-Cunha, M.d.G. (2021). Bioactivity and cytotoxicity of quercetin-loaded, lecithin-chitosan nanoparticles. Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol., 31.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2020.101879"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreno-V\u00e1squez, M.J., Plascencia-Jatomea, M., S\u00e1nchez-Valdes, S., Tanori-C\u00f3rdova, J.C., Castillo-Ya\u00f1ez, F.J., Quintero-Reyes, I.E., and Graciano-Verdugo, A.Z. (2021). Characterization of epigallocatechin-gallate-grafted chitosan nanoparticles and evaluation of their antibacterial and antioxidant potential. Polymers, 13, Erratum in Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol. 2021, 36, 101916.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13091375"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/23\/11748\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T13:59:50Z","timestamp":1764856790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/23\/11748"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"references-count":160,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms262311748"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms262311748","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]}}}