{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T04:36:27Z","timestamp":1785386187010,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre of Poland, SONATA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\/39\/D\/ST4\/00286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/39\/D\/ST4\/00286"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Excellence Initiative of the University of Silesia in Katowice"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Copper(II) complexes with 2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2033-terpyridines (terpys) are promising candidates for anticancer therapy and catalysis. Their structural and optical properties can be tuned by modifying the terpy backbone, including a substitution at the 4\u2032 position or the replacement of peripheral pyridines with thiazole rings, forming 2,6-bis(thiazol-2-yl)pyridines (dtpys). dtpy-based copper(II) complexes (Cu-dtpys), despite their applicative potential, are barely characterized in the literature. Here, the series of Cu-dtpys (1\u201313) was synthesised and characterized by FT-IR, HRMS, X-ray diffraction, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Their structural and optical features were compared to previously studied Cu-dtpys (14\u201324) and their terpy analogues (Cu-terpy-1 \u00f7 Cu-terpy-24). The detailed analysis revealed that five-coordinate Cu-dtpys complexes adopt a square pyramidal geometry comparable to that of Cu-terpys complexes but with markedly smaller deviations from the ideal square pyramid. Compared with Cu-terpys, Cu\u2013Clapical bonds are shorter, while Cu\u2013Ncentral bonds are elongated. The Cu-dtpy systems usually present the longest wavelength of the lowest energy absorption band in comparison to Cuterpys. The analysis of the relationship between Hammett\u2019s constant and wavelength of absorption indicates that the most promising from the photophysical point of view are compounds 4\u20136, 10\u201313, 16\u201317, and 22, for which a newly formed intraligand charge transfer band is formed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262411868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T12:42:43Z","timestamp":1765284163000},"page":"11868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Copper(II) Complexes with 4-Substituted 2,6-Bis(thiazol-2-yl)pyridines\u2014An Overview of Structural\u2013Optical Relationships"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8245-5532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Maro\u0144","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8192-5619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"\u015awitlicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6539-5419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata","family":"Sz\u0142apa-Kula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0168-5753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Choroba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7280-8979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karol","family":"Erfurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4341-1315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariola","family":"Siwy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sk\u0142odowska 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7688-6491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Machura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(03)00012-X","article-title":"Trace Elements in Human Physiology and Pathology. Copper","volume":"57","author":"Tapiero","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5464373","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5464373","article-title":"Nutritional Aspects of Essential Trace Elements in Oral Health and Disease: An Extensive Review","volume":"2016","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientifica"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruiz, L.M., Libedinsky, A., and Elorza, A.A. (2021). Role of Copper on Mitochondrial Function and Metabolism. Front. Mol. Biosci., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.711227"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.03.054","article-title":"Copper Biology","volume":"31","author":"Tsang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2022.11.001","article-title":"Mitochondrial Copper in Human Genetic Disorders","volume":"34","author":"Garza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3505","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.16370","article-title":"The Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles of Copper in the Nervous System","volume":"60","author":"Gale","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1385\/BTER:73:3:269","article-title":"Cytochrome c Oxidase, Cu,Zn-Superoxide Dismutase, and Ceruloplasmin Activities in Copper-Deficient Bovines","volume":"73","author":"Cerone","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S24","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114507833046","article-title":"Iron, Copper and Immunocompetence","volume":"98","author":"Rios","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2017.04.030","article-title":"Novel Mononuclear Cu (II) Terpyridine Complexes: Impact of Fused Ring Thiophene and Thiazole Head Groups towards DNA\/BSA Interaction, Cleavage and Antiproliferative Activity on HepG2 and Triple Negative CAL-51 Cell Line","volume":"135","author":"Manikandamathavan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.01.007","article-title":"Redox Activation of Metal-Based Prodrugs as a Strategy for Drug Delivery","volume":"64","author":"Graf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23442","DOI":"10.1039\/D1RA03107D","article-title":"An Investigation of Two Copper(II) Complexes with a Triazole Derivative as a Ligand: Magnetic and Catalytic Properties","volume":"11","author":"Petrenko","year":"2021","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ica.2024.121990","article-title":"Copper(II) Complexes with BIAN-Type Ligands: Synthesis and Catalytic Activity in Oxidation of Hydrocarbons and Alcohols","volume":"565","author":"Fomenko","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inorganica Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17102","DOI":"10.1039\/D4RA00590B","article-title":"Advances in Chromone-Based Copper(II) Schiff Base Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Versatile Applications in Pharmacology and Biomimetic Catalysis","volume":"14","author":"Kumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9591","DOI":"10.1039\/C7DT01244F","article-title":"Copper(II) Complexes of Functionalized 2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2032\u2032-Terpyridines and 2,6-Di(Thiazol-2-Yl)Pyridine: Structure, Spectroscopy, Cytotoxicity and Catalytic Activity","volume":"46","author":"Machura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12656","DOI":"10.1039\/C9DT01922G","article-title":"Copper(II) Complexes with 2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2032\u2032-Terpyridine, 2,6-Di(Thiazol-2-Yl)Pyridine and 2,6-Di(Pyrazin-2-Yl)Pyridine Substituted with Quinolines. Synthesis, Structure, Antiproliferative Activity, and Catalytic Activity in the Oxidation of Alkanes and Alcohols with Peroxides","volume":"48","author":"Choroba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19475","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.4c01806","article-title":"Optimization of Antiproliferative Properties of Triimine Copper(II) Complexes","volume":"67","author":"Choroba","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2008.12.009","article-title":"Platinum Complexes of Terpyridine: Interaction and Reactivity with Biomolecules","volume":"253","author":"Cummings","year":"2009","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2019.01.005","article-title":"Terpyridine-Metal Complexes: Applications in Catalysis and Supramolecular Chemistry","volume":"385","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2890","DOI":"10.1002\/cctc.201902290","article-title":"Metal-Terpyridine Complexes in Catalytic Application\u2014A Spotlight on the Last Decade","volume":"12","author":"Winter","year":"2020","journal-title":"ChemCatChem"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202200652","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202200652","article-title":"Recent Development of Copper (II) Complexes of Polypyridyl Ligands in Chemotherapy and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"18","author":"Rani","year":"2023","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202300645","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202300645","article-title":"The Therapeutic Potential in Cancer of Terpyridine-Based Metal Complexes Featuring Group 11 Elements","volume":"19","year":"2024","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2025.117702","article-title":"Recent Advances in the Discovery of Copper(II) Complexes as Potential Anticancer Drugs","volume":"292","author":"Rogalewicz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11576","DOI":"10.1039\/c3dt50395j","article-title":"Self-Activating Nuclease and Anticancer Activities of Copper(II) Complexes with Aryl-Modified 2,6-Di(Thiazol-2-Yl)Pyridine","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2012.09.019","article-title":"Synthesis, Crystal Structure, DNA Interaction and Anticancer Activity of Tridentate Copper(II) Complexes","volume":"119","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Inorg. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JTAN.0000011012.07721.e1","article-title":"Investigations of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) (2,2\u2019:6\u2019,2\u201d2\u201d-Terpyridine) Complexes With Sulfur Donor Ligands","volume":"74","author":"Hammam","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Therm. Anal. Calorim."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ica.2013.08.024","article-title":"Synthesis, Structures and Characterization of Metal Complexes Containing 4\u2032-Phenyl-2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2033-Terpyridine Ligands with Extended \u03a0\u22ef\u03c0 Interactions","volume":"408","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inorganica Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6444","DOI":"10.1039\/C8DT00558C","article-title":"Spectroscopy, Electrochemistry and Antiproliferative Properties of Au(III), Pt(II) and Cu(II) Complexes Bearing Modified 2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2032\u2032-Terpyridine Ligands","volume":"47","author":"Machura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070328421120010","article-title":"Synthesis, Spectral, and Single Crystal XRD Studies of Novel Terpyridine Derivatives of Benzofuran-2-Carbaldehyde and Their Cu(II) Complex","volume":"47","author":"Patel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Russ. J. Coord. Chem."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8243","DOI":"10.1039\/D0DT03989F","article-title":"Copper Chloride Complexes with Substituted 4\u2032-Phenyl-Terpyridine Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, Antiproliferative Activities and DNA Interactions","volume":"50","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1107\/S0108270183004096","article-title":"The Structure of Dicholoro(2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2032\u2032-Terpyridyl)Copper(II) Monohydrate, [Cu(C15H11N3)Cl2].H2O","volume":"39","author":"Rojo","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Cryst. C"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2858","DOI":"10.1021\/ic00162a018","article-title":"Copper(2+) in Five-Coordination: A Case of a Pseudo-Jahn-Teller Effect. 1. Structure and Spectroscopy of the Compounds Cu(Terpy)X2.nH2O","volume":"22","author":"Henke","year":"1983","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2012.06.039","article-title":"Effect of Coordinated Ligands on Antiproliferative Activity and DNA Cleavage Property of Three Mononuclear Cu(II)-Terpyridine Complexes","volume":"57","author":"Manikandamathavan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"80","article-title":"Terpyridyl Complexes as Antimalarial Agents","volume":"66","author":"Paraskevopoulos","year":"2013","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7310","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NJ00094A","article-title":"Supramolecular and Theoretical Perspectives of 2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2032\u2032-Terpyridine Based Ni(II) and Cu(II) Complexes: On the Importance of C\u2013H\u22efCl and \u03a0\u22ef\u03c0 Interactions","volume":"44","author":"Pal","year":"2020","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Xiong, K., Zhou, Y., Karges, J., Du, K., Shen, J., Lin, M., Kou, J., Chen, Y., and Chao, H. (2021). CCDC 2078509: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination, Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC)."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38959","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c07223","article-title":"Autophagy-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Apoferritin\u2013Cu(II) Nanoparticles in Multidrug-Resistant Colon Cancer Cells","volume":"13","author":"Xiong","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4048","DOI":"10.1039\/C3DT53054J","article-title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Copper(II) 4\u2032-Phenyl-Terpyridine Compounds and Catalytic Application for Aerobic Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols","volume":"43","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8836","DOI":"10.1039\/C4OB01867B","article-title":"Transition Metal Ion Induced Hydrogelation by Amino-Terpyridine Ligands","volume":"12","author":"Bhowmik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Org. Biomol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ica.2020.120137","article-title":"Highly Cytotoxic Copper(II) Terpyridine Complexes as Anticancer Drug Candidates","volume":"516","author":"Karges","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inorganica Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1039\/b909639f","article-title":"Structural Diversity in the Reactions of 4\u2032-(Pyridyl)-2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2033-Terpyridine Ligands and Bis{4\u2032-(4-Pyridyl)-2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2033-Terpyridine}iron(II) with Copper(II) Salts","volume":"11","author":"Beves","year":"2009","journal-title":"CrystEngComm"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4369","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.cgd.9b00117","article-title":"Case Study of the Correlation between Metallogelation Ability and Crystal Packing","volume":"19","author":"Khavasi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cryst. Growth Des."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Schmitt, L., and Stoeckli-Evans, H. (2008). CCDC 679674: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination, Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC)."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Patel, P.N., Rajalakshmi, S., and Chadha, A. (2020). CCDC 1525024: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination, Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC)."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Rawji, G., Fritz, C., Nguyen, T., and Lynch, V. (2017). CCDC 952841: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination, Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC)."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2019.05.015","article-title":"Aryl Substituted 2,6-Di(Thiazol-2-Yl)Pyridines \u2013Excited-State Characterization and Potential for OLEDs","volume":"169","author":"Choroba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dye. Pigment."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13081","DOI":"10.1039\/C9DT02894C","article-title":"Platinum(II) Complexes Showing High Cytotoxicity toward A2780 Ovarian Carcinoma Cells","volume":"48","author":"Choroba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.poly.2017.12.036","article-title":"Syntheses, Crystal Structures, Luminescence and Thermal Properties of Three Lanthanide Complexes with 2-Bromine-5-Methoxybenzoate and 2,2:6\u2032,2\u2033-Terpyridine","volume":"144","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polyhedron"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5775","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NJ03106K","article-title":"Synthesis of Heteroleptic Terpyridyl Complexes of Fe(II) and Ru(II): Optical and Electrochemical Studies","volume":"40","author":"Mondal","year":"2016","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202216447","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202216447","article-title":"Real-Time Observation of Macroscopic Helical Morphologies under Optical Microscope: A Curious Case of \u03c0\u2013\u03c0 Stacking Driven Molecular Self-Assembly of an Organic Gelator Devoid of Hydrogen Bonding","volume":"62","author":"Bera","year":"2023","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1002\/cjoc.202300556","article-title":"Four New Terpyridine Complexes Based Polyoxometalates with [W10O32]4\u2013 Anions as High-Efficiency Dual-Site Catalysis for Thioether Oxidation Reaction\u2020","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15070","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.2c02160","article-title":"Impact of the Anthryl Linking Mode on the Photophysics and Excited-State Dynamics of Re(I) Complexes [ReCl(CO)3(4\u2032-An-Terpy-\u03ba2N)]","volume":"61","author":"Ledwon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Addison, A.W., Rao, T.N., Reedijk, J., van Rijn, J., and Verschoor, G.C. (1984). Synthesis, Structure, and Spectroscopic Properties of Copper(II) Compounds Containing Nitrogen\u2013Sulphur Donor Ligands; the Crystal and Molecular Structure of Aqua [1,7-Bis(N -Methylbenzimidazol-2\u2032-Yl)-2,6-Dithiaheptane]Copper(II) Perchlorate. J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans., 1349\u20131356.","DOI":"10.1039\/DT9840001349"},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Llunell, M., Casanova, D., Cirera, J., Alemany, P., and G\u00f3mez-Ruiz, S. (2010). SHAPE Program, University of Barcelona."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1021\/om049150z","article-title":"Continuous Shape Measures as a Stereochemical Tool in Organometallic Chemistry","volume":"24","author":"Cirera","year":"2005","journal-title":"Organometallics"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.200400799","article-title":"The Rich Stereochemistry of Eight-Vertex Polyhedra: A Continuous Shape Measures Study","volume":"11","author":"Casanova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem. A Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36156","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA06197K","article-title":"Assembling Mono-, Di- and Tri-Nuclear Coordination Complexes with a Ditopic Analogue of 2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2032\u2032-Terpyridine: Syntheses, Structures and Catalytic Studies","volume":"5","author":"Yin","year":"2015","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889807067908","article-title":"Mercury CSD 2.0\u2014New Features for the Visualization and Investigation of Crystal Structures","volume":"41","author":"Macrae","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Appl. Cryst."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1107\/S2053229614024929","article-title":"PLATON SQUEEZE: A Tool for the Calculation of the Disordered Solvent Contribution to the Calculated Structure Factors","volume":"71","author":"Spek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Cryst. C"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202200041","DOI":"10.1002\/cmtd.202200041","article-title":"A Web Tool for Calculating Substituent Descriptors Compatible with Hammett Sigma Constants","volume":"2","author":"Ertl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Methods"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9605","DOI":"10.1039\/C7DT01948C","article-title":"Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Electrochemical and Computational Studies of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Based on Bidentate-Coordinated 2,6-Di(Thiazol-2-Yl)Pyridine Derivatives","volume":"46","author":"Klemens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4611","DOI":"10.1002\/aoc.4611","article-title":"Experimental and Computational Exploration of Photophysical and Electroluminescent Properties of Modified 2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2033-Terpyridine, 2,6-Di(Thiazol-2-Yl)Pyridine and 2,6-Di(Pyrazin-2-Yl)Pyridine Ligands and Their Re(I) Complexes","volume":"32","author":"Klemens","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Organomet. Chem."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4206","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.organomet.9b00517","article-title":"Tuning Optical Properties of Re(I) Carbonyl Complexes by Modifying Push\u2013Pull Ligands Structure","volume":"38","author":"Klemens","year":"2019","journal-title":"Organometallics"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2019.03.035","article-title":"Structure-Dependent and Environment-Responsive Optical Properties of the Trisheterocyclic Systems with Electron Donating Amino Groups","volume":"166","author":"Machura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dye. Pigment."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2018.11.035","article-title":"A Family of Solution Processable Ligands and Their Re(I) Complexes towards Light Emitting Applications","volume":"163","author":"Klemens","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dye. Pigment."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13440","DOI":"10.1039\/D0DT02650F","article-title":"Towards Better Understanding of the Photophysics of Platinum(II) Coordination Compounds with Anthracene- and Pyrene-Substituted 2,6-Bis(Thiazol-2-Yl)Pyridines","volume":"49","author":"Choroba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma\u0142ecka, M., Machura, B., \u015awitlicka, A., Kotowicz, S., Szafraniec-Gorol, G., Siwy, M., Szalkowski, M., Ma\u0107kowski, S., and Schab-Balcerzak, E. (2020). Towards Better Understanding of Photophysical Properties of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes with Terpy-like Ligands. Spectrochim. Acta Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 231.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2020.118124"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2019.127669","article-title":"2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2032\u2032-Terpyridine Derivative with Tetrazole Motif and Its Analogues with 2-Pyrazinyl or 2-Thiazolyl Substituents\u2014Experimental and Theoretical Investigations","volume":"1205","author":"Zych","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15308","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201502154","article-title":"Cyclometalated Ruthenium(II) Anthraquinone Complexes Exhibit Strong Anticancer Activity in Hypoxic Tumor Cells","volume":"21","author":"Zeng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. A Eur. J."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2021.109472","article-title":"Ground- and Excited-State Properties of Re(I) Carbonyl Complexes\u2014Effect of Triimine Ligand Core and Appended Heteroaromatic Groups","volume":"192","author":"Choroba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dye. Pigment."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2021.123658","article-title":"Incorporation of Spin-Crossover Cobalt(II) Complexes into Conducting Metallopolymers: Towards Redox-Controlled Spin Change","volume":"222","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3943","DOI":"10.1039\/D0DT04340K","article-title":"Carbazole Effect on Ground- and Excited-State Properties of Rhenium(I) Carbonyl Complexes with Extended Terpy-like Ligands","volume":"50","author":"Choroba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.113032","article-title":"New Derivatives of 4\u2032-Phenyl-2,2\u2032:6\u2032,2\u2032\u2032-Terpyridine as Promising Anticancer Agents","volume":"212","author":"Malarz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_73","unstructured":"(CrysAlis PRO, 2014). CrysAlis PRO, version 40."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1107\/S2053229614024218","article-title":"Crystal Structure Refinement with SHELXL","volume":"71","author":"Sheldrick","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Cryst. C"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/24\/11868\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T12:44:53Z","timestamp":1765284293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/24\/11868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms262411868"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms262411868","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]}}}