{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T23:42:09Z","timestamp":1781307729920,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004704","name":"National Research Council of Thailand","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["N41A660293\/2566"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N41A660293\/2566"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004704","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Graduate School","award":["0118\/2565"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0118\/2565"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018715","name":"Faculty of Allied Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["AHS08\/2565"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AHS08\/2565"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018715","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006749","name":"Burapha University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006749","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Excess adiposity is associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation, which contribute to metabolic dysregulation. Both exercise training and bioactive plant-derived compounds have been explored as therapeutic strategies to mitigate these effects. Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) root extract, rich in ecdysteroids such as 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This randomized controlled trial investigated the combined effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and asparagus root extract (ARE) supplementation on metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers, and white blood cell counts in overweight and obese adults. Seventy-two participants aged 18\u201330 years with a body mass index \u2265 23 kg\/m2 were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control (CON), ARE supplementation only (ARE), HIIT only (HIIT), and combined intervention (COM). The HIIT protocol comprised a modified Tabata regimen of progressive bodyweight intervals at 80\u201390% and 40\u201350% of maximal perceived exertion, performed three times per week for 12 weeks. Participants in the ARE and COM groups received a daily oral dose of ARE providing 1.71 \u00b1 0.24 mg\/kg\/day of 20E. Compared with the CON group, the HIIT group showed significant reductions in total cholesterol (TC), the TC\/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) ratio, and blood glucose levels, alongside significant increases in HDLC and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (all p &lt; 0.05). The COM group demonstrated significant decreases in protein carbonyls and interleukin-6 levels and in the TC\/HDLC ratio (all p &lt; 0.05) as well as a significant increase in SOD activity (p = 0.002). The ARE group, meanwhile, exhibited significant increases in both SOD activity (p &lt; 0.001) and malondialdehyde levels (p = 0.017). These findings suggest that combining HIIT with ARE supplementation produces synergistic improvements in oxidative and inflammatory status, whereas HIIT alone primarily enhances metabolic regulation in overweight and obese individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262412054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T13:32:37Z","timestamp":1765805557000},"page":"12054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Synergistic Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training and Asparagus officinalis L. Root Extract Supplementation on Metabolic Regulation, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Overweight and Obese Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2652-4622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piyapong","family":"Prasertsri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3452-3112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tadsawiya","family":"Padkao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6629-9290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orachorn","family":"Boonla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6605-8980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surachat","family":"Buddhisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8981-2480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nattaphol","family":"Prakobkaew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9076-3145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siriporn","family":"Sripinyowanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Bioinnovation, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8859-3899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jatuporn","family":"Phoemsapthawee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metop.2025.100375","article-title":"Obesity: Prevalence, causes, consequences, management, preventive strategies and future research directions","volume":"27","author":"Ahmed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Metabol. 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