{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T18:51:26Z","timestamp":1779907886084,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH\/NIGMS","award":["R01GM148537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01GM148537"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation and aggregation of tau and amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2). The pathophysiology and progression of AD are facilitated by the neurotoxic effects of these aggregated proteins, resulting in neurodegeneration and memory loss. In this context, the interaction between tau and A\u03b242 is considered, but the mechanism underlying their pathogenic interplay remains unclear. Here, we addressed this question by studying the aggregation of full-length, unmodified tau and A\u03b242 at physiologically low concentrations using atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM imaging and data analyses demonstrate an increase in tau aggregation in the presence of A\u03b242, characterized by increased sizes and number of aggregates. Importantly, tau aggregation occurs without the need for phosphorylation or any other post-translational changes. The analysis of the data demonstrates that tau and A\u03b242 form co-aggregates, with no visible accumulation of A\u03b242 aggregates alone. Given that the catalysis of tau aggregation by A\u03b242 is observed at physiological low nanomolar concentrations of A\u03b242, the finding suggests that such aggregation catalysis of tau by A\u03b242 can be a molecular mechanism underlying the pathological tau aggregation process associated with the onset and development of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262412128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T10:41:23Z","timestamp":1765968083000},"page":"12128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Catalytic Effect of Amyloid-\u03b2 on Native Tau Aggregation at Physiologically Relevant Concentrations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1285-1212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rakhi","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 4040 Emile Street, Omaha, NE 68198-6120, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9438-7661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Apu Chandra","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 4040 Emile Street, Omaha, NE 68198-6120, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruan","family":"van Deventer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 4040 Emile Street, Omaha, NE 68198-6120, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luda S.","family":"Shlyakhtenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 4040 Emile Street, Omaha, NE 68198-6120, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9721-8302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuri L.","family":"Lyubchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 4040 Emile Street, Omaha, NE 68198-6120, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kumar, A., Sidhu, J., Lui, F., and Tsao, J.W. 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Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21031129"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/24\/12128\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T10:43:57Z","timestamp":1765968237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/24\/12128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms262412128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms262412128","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]}}}