{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:32:27Z","timestamp":1792701147971,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a chronic syndrome commonly characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue. Current evidence suggests that FMS diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation and patient-reported symptoms. MicroRNAs, which serve as key regulators of gene expression, have been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of FMS and other chronic pain syndromes. In this pilot study, miRNA-223-3p expression levels were examined in patients with FMS, and their relationship with pain intensity\u2014assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)was evaluated. To obtain a broader understanding of the inflammatory response, serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1\u03b2) levels were also measured. miRNA-223-3p expression levels were significantly reduced in the FMS group compared with healthy controls (p &lt; 0.05), whereas IL-1\u03b2 levels did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.1135). The negative correlation between miRNA-223-3p and VAS scores indicates that lower miRNA levels are associated with increased pain severity. Overall, these results suggest that reduced miRNA-223-3p expression levels may be linked to neuroimmune processes and heightened pain perception in FMS. The findings provide valuable preliminary insights that may guide future studies with larger sample sizes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27010176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T09:58:34Z","timestamp":1766570314000},"page":"176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Association Between miRNA-223-3p Levels and Pain Severity in Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Molecular Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6289-5562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zerrin","family":"Barut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Antalya Bilim University, 07910 Antalya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3053-9333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6zlem","family":"Karata\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070 Antalya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma Tuba","family":"Akdeniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Naturel Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, 34959 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00fcrke","family":"\u00c7\u0131r\u00e7\u0131rl\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070 Antalya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serpil","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070 Antalya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Turgay","family":"\u0130sbir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, Yeditepe University, 34755 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ITC33","DOI":"10.7326\/AITC202003030","article-title":"Fibromyalgia","volume":"172","author":"Bair","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. 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