{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T10:05:15Z","timestamp":1766570715728,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Strategic Academic Leadership Program \u201cPriority 2030\u201d of the Kazan Federal University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The nano-technological approach and supramolecular chemistry principles relation to the encapsulation of enzymes pave the way for creating next-generation nano-system-functionalized nano-compartments. The most promising approach for prophylaxis and the treatment of organophosphate (OP) poisoning is the use of stable, bioavailable nano-compartments containing OP-scavenging enzymes. Such enzymes, like butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), wild type and mutants, could also be used for the detoxification of other poisonous esters. There are two types of IRD-labeled human BChE-containing nano-scavengers: PEGylated liposomes and polyethyleneglycol\u2013polypropylenesulfide polymersomes, which were developed with diameter close to 100 nm. BChE-polymersomes have higher encapsulation efficiency (95%) and slower release rate of enzymes (more than 7 days) compared to BChE-liposomes. The catalytic properties of encapsulated enzymes were analyzed for nano-compartment formulations, lipophilicity, the structure of block copolymers, and for different ester substrate polarity: positively charged butyrylthiocholine iodide, neutral phenyl acetate, and negatively charged aspirin. The highest kcat (more than three times) compared to non-encapsulated BChE was for polymersomes based on diblock PEG-PPS polymersomes towards the neutral phenyl acetate substrate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27010190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T09:58:34Z","timestamp":1766570314000},"page":"190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Butyrylcholinesterase-Loaded Liposomes and Polymersomes: Catalytic Parameters for Three Types of Substrates"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5713-4137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zukhra","family":"Shaihutdinova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia"},{"name":"Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9510-3832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svetlana","family":"Batasheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Masson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2001-1570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana","family":"Pashirova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia"},{"name":"Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.137863","article-title":"Mimicking the process from secretory vesicles to organelles in eukaryotic cell evolution by clustering enzyme-liposomes in artificial cells","volume":"696","author":"Mo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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