{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T12:40:51Z","timestamp":1782909651404,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine","award":["125031203556-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["125031203556-7"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency is associated with the risk of atopic diseases and respiratory infections. The activated vitamin D receptor (VDR) forms a dimer with the retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRA) and binds to VDR\/RXRA composite elements (CEs) in enhancers of target genes. However, VDR\/RXRA CEs are identified in only 11.5% of cases in ChIP-Seq peaks. Our hypothesis was that VDR could form a VDR-Partner complex with transcription factor for which CEs have not yet been identified. We utilized Web-MCOT to search for novel VDR\/Partner CEs in regulatory DNA. The potential formation of the VDR-Partner protein complex was assessed using the AlphaFold machine learning model. Through real-time RT-PCR, we measured the expression of immune system genes in a culture of U937 macrophage-like cells incubated with the active metabolite of vitamin D, calcitriol. We have predicted novel VDR\/NR2C2 and VDR\/PPARG CEs in the regulatory regions of immune system genes. We found potential synergism of VDR\/NR2C2 and VDR\/RXRA CEs in relation to the IRF5 gene, as well as potential synergism of VDR\/PPARG and VDR\/RXRA CEs for MAPK13. Predicting new regulatory relationships through the identification of new potential VDR\/Partner CEs may provide insight into the deep mechanisms of vitamin D involvement in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and pulmonary infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27010409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T15:30:32Z","timestamp":1767195032000},"page":"409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Search for Potential VDR\/Partner Composite Elements in Regulatory DNA of Genes Associated with Respiratory Infections and Atopic Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Alexey V.","family":"Popov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6097-5155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry Yu.","family":"Oshchepkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4070-2421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladislav V.","family":"Kononchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2698-0866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana S.","family":"Kalinina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7727-7847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilya S.","family":"Valembakhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0933-9971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander D.","family":"Lukin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena G.","family":"Kondyurina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Advanced Training and Professional Retraining, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera V.","family":"Zelenskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Advanced Training and Professional Retraining, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Vavilin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e46826","article-title":"Assessment of the Relation Between Asthma Severity and Serum Vitamin D Levels: A Cross-Sectional Study","volume":"15","author":"Kaur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, M.J., Kim, S.-N., Lee, Y.W., Choe, Y.B., and Ahn, K.J. 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