{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:04:51Z","timestamp":1792789491286,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["407992\/2021-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407992\/2021-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Parna\u00edba Delta Federal University","award":["01\/2024 PROPOPI\/UFDPar"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01\/2024 PROPOPI\/UFDPar"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an ethanolic extract from Punica granatum L. (EE-PG) on bovine ovarian tissue vitrification, focusing on follicular morphology, ultrastructure, stromal cell density, collagen distribution, redox status, and mRNA expression of antioxidant-related genes. Bovine ovarian cortex fragments were divided into a fresh control group for in vivo tissue evaluation or vitrified either with the base vitrification solution (\u03b1MEM) alone or supplemented with different concentrations of EE-PG (10, 50, and 100 \u00b5g\/mL), and subsequently stored in liquid nitrogen for 5 days. After warming, fragments were allocated for morphological and oxidative stress analyses or incubated for 24 h to resumption of cellular metabolism. The concentrations of 10 and 100 \u00b5g\/mL preserved follicular morphology immediately after warming, and were therefore selected for ultrastructural evaluation. Both concentrations mitigated vitrification-induced damage. Gene expression analysis showed decreased levels of catalase (cat), Glutathione Peroxidase 1 (gpx1), and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (nrf2) compared with the fresh control, whereas Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) enzymatic activity increased after incubation with 10 \u00b5g\/mL EE-PG compared with all experimental groups. Moreover, Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in tissues treated with 10 or 100 \u00b5g\/mL were comparable to fresh controls after incubation. Overall, EE-PG at 10 or 100 \u00b5g\/mL in the vitrification solution supported the maintenance of tissue morphology, redox balance\u2014despite the downregulation of essential antioxidant genes, which may be associated with a reduced demand for enzymatic antioxidant defense\u2014and cellular metabolism, indicating potential for improving bovine ovarian tissue vitrification outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27020903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T09:28:12Z","timestamp":1768555692000},"page":"903","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Punica granatum L. Modulates Antioxidant Activity in Vitrified Bovine Ovarian Tissue"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Solano Dantas","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology (PPGB), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, 100, Mauroc\u00e9lio Rocha Ponte Avenue, Sobral 62041-040, CE, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Research in Reproductive Physiology (FisioRep Lab), Parna\u00edba Delta Federal University, 2819, S\u00e3o Sebasti\u00e3o Avenue, Parna\u00edba 64202-020, PI, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2349-2194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Alice Felipe","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology (PPGB), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, 100, Mauroc\u00e9lio Rocha Ponte Avenue, Sobral 62041-040, CE, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Research in Reproductive Physiology (FisioRep Lab), Parna\u00edba Delta Federal University, 2819, S\u00e3o Sebasti\u00e3o Avenue, Parna\u00edba 64202-020, PI, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ven\u00e2ncia Ant\u00f4nia Nunes","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, 100, Mauroc\u00e9lio Rocha Ponte Avenue, Sobral 62041-040, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco das Chagas","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, 100, Mauroc\u00e9lio Rocha Ponte Avenue, Sobral 62041-040, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7654-044X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid Gracielle Martins da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2766-3790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selene Maia","family":"de Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, State University of Cear\u00e1, 1700, Dr. Silas Munguba Avenue, Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9873-3098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f4nia Nair","family":"B\u00e1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5970-6177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Roberto Viana","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, 100, Mauroc\u00e9lio Rocha Ponte Avenue, Sobral 62041-040, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4839-4400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e2nia Marilande","family":"Ceccatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Gene Expression (LABIEX), Higher Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ISCB), State University of Cear\u00e1, 1700, Dr. Silas Munguba Avenue, Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valdevane Rocha","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biotechnology (PPGB), Federal University of Cear\u00e1, 100, Mauroc\u00e9lio Rocha Ponte Avenue, Sobral 62041-040, CE, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Research in Reproductive Physiology (FisioRep Lab), Parna\u00edba Delta Federal University, 2819, S\u00e3o Sebasti\u00e3o Avenue, Parna\u00edba 64202-020, PI, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2023","volume":"73","author":"Siegel","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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