{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T19:30:40Z","timestamp":1790105440242,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"BMFTR Junior Research Group \u201cDuxdrugs\u201d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BMBF 01KI2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BMBF 01KI2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Comparative transcriptomics offers a powerful approach to elucidate host\u2013virus interactions across related pathogens, yet systematic evaluations across species-matched cellular systems remain limited. We performed a cross-species RNA sequencing analysis of respective species\u2019 cells infected with three alphaherpesviruses\u2014herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), and equid alphaherpesvirus 1 (EHV-1)\u2014to dissect conserved and virus-specific transcriptional responses. We show that certain orthologous genes and orthologous pathways are differentially regulated upon infection among the three species like pathways related to translation rRNA processing and TNF-alpha signalling. We find that the earliest sampled timepoint of infection, 2 h post infection (hpi), shows the most commonly enriched pathways among the three species compared to later timepoints. At 6 h and 9 h post infection, BHV-1- and EHV-1 infections have more in common with each other in terms of enriched pathways than with HSV-1 infections. Moreover, we provide a comprehensive analysis of temporal viral gene expression for all three herpesviruses. Together, these findings provide a comparative framework for understanding alphaherpevirus\u2013host interactions and reveal both conserved core responses and species-specific transcriptional signatures. This work establishes a foundation for identifying broadly acting antiviral targets as well as virus-specific vulnerabilities that may inform host-directed therapies and cross-species disease management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27031261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T10:27:11Z","timestamp":1769509631000},"page":"1261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cross-Species Analysis of Transcriptomic Response to Alpha-Herpesvirus Infection in Human, Bovine and Equine Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9379-6590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirko","family":"Schmitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6298-5267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Neugebauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1900-5891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Full","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"German Consulting Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8701-6181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristen L.","family":"Conn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Alphaherpesvirus Genomics: Past, Present and Future","volume":"42","author":"Kuny","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. 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