{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T19:19:18Z","timestamp":1785352758422,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>C-reactive protein (CRP) has emerged as a crucial link between systemic and neuroinflammatory processes, though its role across neurological autoimmune disorders remains incompletely understood. Pathologies such as multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS), and myasthenia gravis (MG) share chronic, dysregulated inflammation resulting from loss of immune tolerance. Their pathogenesis arises from interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and gut microbiota alterations that trigger autoreactive immune cascades through molecular mimicry, ectopic antigen expression, or paraneoplastic cross-reactivity. These immune pathways sustain inflammation and promote neuroaxonal injury. CRP, synthesized mainly by hepatocytes in response to interleukin-6 (IL-6), functions as both an effector and reporter of inflammation, linking systemic immune activation to neuroinflammatory damage. Elevated CRP levels correlate with unfavorable outcomes, including accelerated disability in MS, IL-6-mediated astrocyte injury in NMOSD, respiratory failure in GBS, and crisis susceptibility in MG. Composite indices such as the CRP-to-albumin ratio are emerging as refined prognostic markers, though interpretation is limited by non-specificity and biological variability. This review integrates current evidence on CRP\u2019s mechanistic roles, clinical associations, and translational potential in neuroinflammatory disorders, combining molecular, clinical, and imaging perspectives to refine its role within inflammation-driven neurodegeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27031322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T15:56:12Z","timestamp":1769615772000},"page":"1322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["C-Reactive Protein and Neurological Autoimmune Diseases: Bridging the Diagnostic and Pathogenic Gap"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6264-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrik","family":"Buzgau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3767-4861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Slevin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4651-4487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana Theodora","family":"Barna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8319-8134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00f3r\u00e1nd","family":"D\u00e9nes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Embryology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9704-869X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amelia","family":"Tero-Vescan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7672-2798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurelio Pio","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3833-0184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ylenia","family":"Pastorello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Embryology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2228","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI78088","article-title":"Mechanisms of Human Autoimmunity","volume":"125","author":"Rosenblum","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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