{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T19:33:07Z","timestamp":1770319987511,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004704","name":"National Research Council of Thailand","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NRCT5-RGJ63004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRCT5-RGJ63004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004704","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Fundamental Fund 69","award":["214477\/R68IN00697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["214477\/R68IN00697"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematological malignancy with poor prognosis, frequent relapse, and treatment-related toxicity. The discovery of novel anti-leukemic agents with improved selectivity remains an urgent clinical need. In this study, rhizomes of Angiopteris evecta, a medicinal plant used in Thai traditional medicine, were collected from twelve locations in Thailand and extracted using solvents of increasing polarity. Among thirty-six crude fractional extracts, the ethyl acetate crude fractional extract from source No. 003 (AE EtOAc No. 003) exhibited the strongest cytotoxic activity against KG-1a and EoL-1 leukemic cell lines, with low toxicity toward normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Bioactivity-guided fractionation yielded the ternary mixture, a furanone-rich mixture dominated by 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-dihydro-2-furanone. The ternary mixture inhibited leukemic cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis, causing cell cycle arrest, and downregulating WT1 expression in EoL-1 cells. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses implicated AKT1, MAPK signaling, apoptosis-related pathways, and WT1 as key molecular targets. In addition, AE EtOAc No. 003 and the ternary mixture suppressed TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 production in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Collectively, A. evecta-derived furanone compounds represent promising lead candidates for anti-leukemic drug development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27031399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T13:04:46Z","timestamp":1769778286000},"page":"1399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Isolation and Characterization of 5-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-Dihydro-2-Furanone from Angiopteris evecta with Potent Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Leukemic Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Lapamas","family":"Rueankham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7955-3712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natsima","family":"Viriyaadhammaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"},{"name":"Cancer Research Unit of Associated Medical Sciences (AMS CRU), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2586-4545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenxian","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanzhi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3452-8511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sawitree","family":"Chiampanichayakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"},{"name":"Cancer Research Unit of Associated Medical Sciences (AMS CRU), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"},{"name":"Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Methee","family":"Rungrojsakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Science, Chandrakasem Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trinnakorn","family":"Katekunlaphan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chandrakasem Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6077-5017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siriporn","family":"Okonogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0155-9952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aroonchai","family":"Saiai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3775-5066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arihiro","family":"Iwasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6716-7718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian Nanga","family":"Chick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Tokyo 102-8554, 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Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2025","volume":"75","author":"Siegel","year":"2025","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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