{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T11:09:59Z","timestamp":1770808199427,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005632","name":"National Centre for Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LIDER\/5\/0011\/L-11\/19\/NCBR\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LIDER\/5\/0011\/L-11\/19\/NCBR\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article presents the concept of using a functionalised siloxane compound HOL9 with amphiphilic properties as a coating for cement composites to enhance their antifouling properties against algae. The biological properties of the compound were assessed based on its ability to inhibit chlorophyll fluorescence intensity, which is used as an indicator of photosynthetic activity and biofilm development. The greatest decrease in algal photosynthetic activity was observed for a 10% aqueous solution of HOL9 applied by painting. In these conditions, the maximum chlFI value decreased by 97.6%. In addition, the impact of the protective coating containing HOL9 on the fundamental physical and mechanical characteristics of the cement composite, along with its resilience to frost cycling, was thoroughly investigated. The coating applied by immersion demonstrated a 50.7% strength loss after 150 freeze\u2013thaw cycles, while the coating applied by painting exhibited a 43.8% loss. In comparison, the control samples experienced a 42.8% strength reduction. It has been demonstrated that the method of application, the modifier concentration, and the type of solvent can have a substantial impact on the protective properties of concrete. The most marked inhibition of algae photosynthetic activity was observed with a 10% aqueous solution applied by painting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27031586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T16:30:47Z","timestamp":1770309047000},"page":"1586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functionalized Siloxane Coating as Protection of the Surface of Cement Composites Against Phototropic Colonization"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2664-5312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Karasiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Pozna\u0144skiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3274-0962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Institute of Building Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 5, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7722-9132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Nowicka-Krawczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Algology and Mycology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12\/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0667-472X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafa\u0142 M.","family":"Olszy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Algology and Mycology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12\/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7205-8901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr K.","family":"Zakrzewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6\/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4051-911X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"\u015alosarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Institute of Building Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 5, 60-965 Poznan, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"394","article-title":"On the Impact of Algae on Accelerating the Biodeterioration\/Biocorrosion of Reinforced Concrete: A Mechanistic Review","volume":"36","author":"Javaherdashti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. 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