{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T15:12:52Z","timestamp":1790867572284,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":132,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Defense Multiple Sclerosis Research Program","award":["W81XWH-22-1-0757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-22-1-0757"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) are autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). For decades, oligodendrocytes were regarded as passive targets of autoimmune inflammation in these conditions. However, recent studies challenge this view, revealing that oligodendrocytes are active participants\u2014not just passive targets\u2014in the pathogenesis of MS and EAE. In this review, we summarize recent research that highlights the active and dynamic roles of oligodendrocytes in these diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27041779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T14:06:16Z","timestamp":1770905176000},"page":"1779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Oligodendrocytes Are Active Participants in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Models"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Min Li","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4931-7642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wensheng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200009283431307","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis","volume":"343","author":"Noseworthy","year":"2000","journal-title":"N. 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