{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T07:21:39Z","timestamp":1779175299852,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023A1515110243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515110243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Guangxi Science and Technology Program","award":["Guike AD25069074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Guike AD25069074"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thiocyanate (SCN\u2212), a persistent inorganic contaminant widely present in industrial wastewater, poses severe risks to plant growth and photosynthesis. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an emerging gaseous signaling molecule involved in the regulation of plant stress responses; however, its role in modulating Rubisco energy metabolism and activation under SCN\u2212 stress remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of exogenous H2S on magnesium homeostasis, ATP\/NADPH metabolism, Rubisco activation, and photosynthetic performance in rice seedlings exposed to SCN\u2212 stress via physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional approaches. We found that exogenous H2S significantly increased Mg2+ accumulation, enhanced H+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities, and promoted Rubisco activase (RCA) abundance and activity. These changes were accompanied by reduced steady-state ATP and NADPH contents, indicating that increased energy consumption was driven by accelerated Calvin cycle turnover. At the transcriptional level, H2S regulated key genes involved in ATP hydrolysis, Mg2+ transport, Rubisco activation, and chlorophyll biosynthesis. Consequently, the chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate improved under SCN\u2212 stress. Collectively, our results demonstrate that exogenous H2S enhances photosynthetic efficiency and Rubisco carboxylation capacity by coordinating Rubisco energy metabolism and activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27041898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T10:14:32Z","timestamp":1771236872000},"page":"1898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Enhances Photosynthesis Under Thiocyanate Stress by Regulating Rubisco Energy Metabolism and Activation in Rice Seedlings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Hui-Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Xi","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Carbon Neutrality, Jiangmen Laboratory of Carbon Science and Technology, Jiangmen 529199, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3978-4669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Juan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China"},{"name":"The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng-Hua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0170-0193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan-Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China"},{"name":"The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan-Peng","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China"},{"name":"University Engineering Research Center of Watershed Protection and Green Development, Guangxi, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2019.121524","article-title":"Characterisation of thiocyanate degradation in a mixed culture activated sludge process treating coke wastewater","volume":"288","author":"Raper","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioresour. 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