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Although pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) has been reported to exert neuroprotective effects, its specific efficacy in in vivo models of AMD pathophysiology has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of PQQ against all-trans-retinal (ATR)-induced cytotoxicity in ARPE-19 cells and light-induced photoreceptor degeneration in rats. Pretreatment of ARPE-19 cells with PQQ dose-dependently mitigated ATR-induced cytotoxicity. In the in vivo model, rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of PQQ (2 or 5 mg\/kg) 1 h prior to 1000-lux light exposure. Retinal function and morphology were evaluated by electroretinography and haematoxylin\u2013eosin staining, respectively. The 5 mg\/kg PQQ group retained significantly greater retinal function than the vehicle group at 3 days postexposure and demonstrated significant preservation of the outer nuclear layer at 7 days postexposure, indicating the suppression of photoreceptor cell death. Western blot analysis detected the dose-dependent suppression of light-induced c-Fos upregulation following PQQ treatment. These findings suggest that the protective effect of PQQ against phototoxic damage is associated with the suppression of c-Fos signalling, thus lending support to the further investigation of PQQ as a potential therapeutic agent for AMD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27041929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T07:50:30Z","timestamp":1771401030000},"page":"1929","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Protects Against Light-Induced Retinal Damage in Association with the Suppression of c-Fos Signalling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Hinata","family":"Ozawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Visual Neuroscience, Graduate Course in Biological Sciences, Division of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, 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Neuroscience, Graduate Course in Biological Sciences, Division of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Totuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Visual Neuroscience, Graduate Course in Biological Sciences, Division of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8183-5453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taku","family":"Ozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Medical Science, Division of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-33 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, 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