{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T16:10:11Z","timestamp":1771431011778,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25-24-20131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25-24-20131"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Vocational Education and Employment of Primorsky Krai","award":["30-2025-005020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30-2025-005020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that specifically bind to sugar groups associated with other molecules. Several studies have reported that these proteins can also modulate the activity of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains in addition to interacting with carbohydrates. This study reports that gentamicin exhibits enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) bacterial strains when complexed with Crenomytilus grayanus lectin (CGL). Enzyme-linked lectin, thermofluor, and isothermal titration calorimetry assays revealed that gentamicin interacts with CGL through a domain distinct from the carbohydrate recognition domain. An increase in antibacterial activity was observed when lectin and antibiotic were used together against S. aureus in living systems\u2014specifically, sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus nudus) embryos.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27041961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T15:28:18Z","timestamp":1771428498000},"page":"1961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CGL, a Lectin from Crenomytilus grayanus, Exhibits Antibiofilm and Synergistic Antibacterial Activity Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5102-9311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina V.","family":"Chikalovets","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9587-897X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatyana O.","family":"Mizgina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga I.","family":"Nedashkovskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3808-3943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linhe","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8436-8299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuo-Feng","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Ilan 26041, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3344-5734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangqian","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanlong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3076-3637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oleg V.","family":"Chernikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.1074\/JBC.X600004200","article-title":"Lectins: Carbohydrate-Specific Reagents and Biological Recognition Molecules","volume":"282","author":"Sharon","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. 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