{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T06:04:35Z","timestamp":1771653875842,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"BMBF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01KU2307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01KU2307"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"BMBF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01EK2105B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01EK2105B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"BMBF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01EK2105C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01EK2105C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Austrian Science Fund","award":["I 6464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I 6464"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006360","name":"BMWK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZIM-KK5560002AP3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIM-KK5560002AP3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006360","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000921","name":"COST","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA21165"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA21165"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Complement activation has been implicated in many kidney diseases, but it remains unclear whether urinary complement-derived peptides reflect kidney function beyond albuminuria and predict disease progression. We analyzed mass spectrometry-based urinary peptidomics data from 10,939 individuals with chronic kidney disease and healthy controls. Fifty-eight complement-derived peptides were identified, predominantly from complement factor B (CFB) and C3. Of these, fifty-two were significantly related to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) independently of albuminuria, mostly inversely. Several C3- and CFB-derived peptides were also associated with specific kidney disease etiologies. In a longitudinal analysis of 3964 individuals (median follow-up 2.91 years), 18 of these peptides were significantly related to a major adverse kidney event (MAKE, defined as \u226540% eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease or death) after adjustment for clinical covariates, indicating prognostic information beyond traditional risk markers. In the independent test cohort, combining these peptides in a machine learning-based model and adding the resulting risk score to clinical parameters significantly improved MAKE prediction (AUC 0.801 vs. 0.778, p = 0.031). Thus, urinary complement-derived peptides provide independent and clinically relevant information on kidney function and disease progression, supporting their potential value in the identification of high-risk patients and guiding more personalized therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27041982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T09:55:31Z","timestamp":1771494931000},"page":"1982","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of Urinary Complement Peptides with Kidney Function and Progression of Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9569-1670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thi Minh Nghia","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9840-5542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarita","family":"Kondyli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0323-0306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harald","family":"Mischak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8240-7255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anich St. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Beige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kuratorium for Dialysis and Transplantation (KfH), 63263 Neu-Isenburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hospital St. Georg, 04129 Leipzig, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8917-2412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Latosinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1407-2534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justyna","family":"Siwy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, 30659 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. 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