{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T08:00:10Z","timestamp":1771920010916,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005746","name":"Universidad Nacional del Litoral","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CAI + D 2024 85520240100004LI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAI + D 2024 85520240100004LI"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005746","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been a cause for concern for decades due to evidence linking exposure to these substances with adverse health effects. Its widespread use in industrial and consumer products combined with their persistence in the environment poses a toxicological and regulatory challenge. Due to its ubiquity, resistance to degradation, and accumulation in biological systems, humans are exposed to a mixture of multiple PFASs, which complicates the analysis of exposure effects. As PFASs pose a risk to human health, it is crucial to study their impact during vulnerable periods, such as pregnancy. In this regard, understanding the impact of PFASs on the placenta is essential, as they can affect both pregnancy and the well-being of the developing fetus. This article reviews the current evidence linking PFAS exposure with altered placental function, focusing on the affected molecular pathways. Furthermore, we examine current methodologies for analyzing the effects of exposure to complex mixtures and explore how these approaches could be employed to evaluate the potential impact of such mixtures on placental function in the context of real-life exposure to these chemicals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27042036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T08:58:21Z","timestamp":1771837101000},"page":"2036","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Placenta as a Target Organ for Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): Molecular Mechanisms of Toxicity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Paola In\u00e9s","family":"Ingaramo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)\u2013Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe 3000, Argentina"},{"name":"C\u00e1tedra de Fisiolog\u00eda Humana, Facultad de Bioqu\u00edmica y Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe 3000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Laura","family":"Zenclussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)\u2013Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe 3000, Argentina"},{"name":"C\u00e1tedra de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas (FCM), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe 3000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15575","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c06896","article-title":"A New OECD Definition for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances","volume":"55","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. 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