{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:35:29Z","timestamp":1790699729248,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disease characterized by painful nodules, abscesses, and epithelialized tunnels, predominantly affecting flexural regions. With a global prevalence of approximately 1%, HS has a significant negative impact on quality of life. Multi-omics and histopathology studies have revealed a complex interplay between innate and adaptive immunity in HS, with neutrophils emerging as important drivers of inflammation. While therapies targeting TNF-\u03b1 and IL-17 isoforms offer a degree of benefit, significant unmet need remains. Neutrophil signatures in HS lesions and the circulation underscore the rationale for selective modulation of neutrophil function. Strategies advancing through clinical trials include inhibition of chemokine-mediated trafficking, neutrophil serine protease inactivation and suppression of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which amplify inflammatory and autoimmune responses. These emerging therapies mark a significant shift toward targeted neutrophil modulation, offering new opportunities to improve outcomes for patients with HS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27042076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T14:05:11Z","timestamp":1771855511000},"page":"2076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Targeting Neutrophil Function as Therapy for Hidradenitis Suppurativa"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8788-8038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Meldrum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Citryll B.V., 5349 AB Oss, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5257-1142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John R.","family":"Ingram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.02.003","article-title":"Insights into Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"149","author":"Prens","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19435","article-title":"The Epidemiology of Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"183","author":"Ingram","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2025.2373","article-title":"Prevalence of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Meta-Analysis of Global Hidradenitis Suppurativa Atlas Studies","volume":"161","author":"Bouazzi","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14038","article-title":"Diagnostic Delay in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Is a Global Problem","volume":"173","author":"Saunte","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e171","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16603","article-title":"Profound consequences of hidradenitis suppurativa: A review","volume":"183","author":"Matusiak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15071","article-title":"Prevalence and comorbidities associated with hidradenitis suppurativa in Korea: A nationwide population-based study","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.02.013","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of a series of 302 French patients with hidradenitis suppurativa, with an analysis of factors associated with disease severity","volume":"61","author":"Revuz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17578","article-title":"Substantially reduced life expectancy in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: A Finnish nationwide registry study","volume":"180","author":"Tiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.3390\/dermatopathology9030029","article-title":"Histopathology of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review","volume":"9","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dermatopathology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.12.651","article-title":"Epithelialized Tunnels Are a Source of Inflammation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"147","author":"Navrazhina","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00022-3","article-title":"Secukinumab in Moderate-to-Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa (SUNSHINE and SUNRISE): Week 16 and Week 52 Results of Two Identical, Multicentre, Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Phase 3 Trials","volume":"401","author":"Kimball","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1159\/000491547","article-title":"Hurley III Hidradenitis Suppurativa Has an Aggressive Disease Course","volume":"234","author":"Vanlaerhoven","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.20550","article-title":"Hidradenitis Suppurativa with and without Draining Tunnels: A Real-World Study Characterizing Differences in Treatment and Disease Burden","volume":"39","author":"Ingram","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.472","article-title":"Identification of three hidradenitis suppurativa phenotypes: Latent class analysis of a cross-sectional study","volume":"133","author":"Revuz","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.476","article-title":"Phenotypic heterogeneity in hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa): Classification is an essential step towards personalised therapy","volume":"133","author":"Ingram","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"378","article-title":"The Homogeneity of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesions. A Histological Study of Intra-Individual Variation","volume":"105","author":"Jemec","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Pathol. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10643.x","article-title":"Alterations in Leucocyte Subsets and Histomorphology in Normal-Appearing Perilesional Skin and Early and Chronic Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesions","volume":"166","author":"Boer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14214","article-title":"Keratinocytes and Neutrophils Are Important Sources of Proinflammatory Molecules in Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"174","author":"Lima","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-020-01381-7","article-title":"Transcriptomic analysis of hidradenitis suppurativa skin suggests roles for multiple inflammatory pathways in disease pathogenesis","volume":"69","author":"Rumberger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12101371","article-title":"Transcriptome Meta-Analysis Confirms the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Pathogenic Triad: Upregulated Inflammation, Altered Epithelial Organization, and Dysregulated Metabolic Signaling","volume":"12","author":"Bloise","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-023-01083-y","article-title":"An Atlas of the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Transcriptome","volume":"14","author":"Szukala","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7704","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26167704","article-title":"Transcriptomic Signatures and Molecular Pathways in Hidradenitis Suppurativa\u2014A Narrative Review","volume":"26","author":"Spiteri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.02.742","article-title":"In-Depth Analysis of the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Serum Proteome Identifies Distinct Inflammatory Subtypes","volume":"141","author":"Navrashina","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.04.011","article-title":"Lipidomics Profiling of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Skin Lesions Reveals Lipoxygenase Pathway Dysregulation and Accumulation of Proinflammatory Leukotriene B4","volume":"140","author":"Penno","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.21060","article-title":"IL-17RA Blockade by Brodalumab Decreases Inflammatory Pathways in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Skin and Serum","volume":"187","author":"Navrashina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2040622319851640","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622319851640","article-title":"TNF-a Inhibitors in the Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"10","author":"Savage","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Chronic Dis."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"121","article-title":"IL-17 in Inflammatory Skin Diseases Psoriasis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"210","author":"Fletcher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Mmunol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s40259-024-00687-w","article-title":"Interleukin-17 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"39","author":"Salgueiro","year":"2025","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8887","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26188887","article-title":"Targeted Biologic Therapies for Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"12","author":"Tan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3567","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15505","article-title":"Mechanisms regulating neutrophil responses in immunity, allergy, and autoimmunity","volume":"77","author":"Boyman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-013-0375-7","article-title":"Low-Density Granulocytes: A Distinct Class of Neutrophils in Systemic Autoimmunity","volume":"35","author":"Kaplan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203315608959","article-title":"Increased Expression of Low-Density Granulocytes in Juvenile-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Correlates with Disease Activity","volume":"25","author":"Midgley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"qiaf133","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiaf133","article-title":"Low-Density Granulocytes in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Disease","volume":"117","author":"Nutley","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-0412-0","article-title":"Neutrophil chemoattractant receptors in health and disease: Double-edged swords","volume":"17","author":"Metzemaekers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-023-00974-6","article-title":"The chemokines CXCL8 and CXCL12: Molecular and functional properties, role in disease and efforts towards pharmacological intervention","volume":"20","author":"Cambier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831880","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2020.1831880","article-title":"Discovery and characterization of a neutralizing pan-ELR + CXC chemokine monoclonal antibody","volume":"12","author":"Boyles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mabs"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2025.10.015","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study of eltrekibart, a novel septa-specific monoclonal antibody to CXCR1\/2 ligands, in adults with hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"94","author":"Forman","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12440","article-title":"Granulopoiesis and granules of human neutrophils","volume":"273","author":"Cowland","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.110.002733","article-title":"Neutrophil elastase, proteinase 3, and cathepsin G as therapeutic targets in human diseases","volume":"62","author":"Korkmaz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0042-3","article-title":"Bronchiectasis","volume":"4","author":"Chalmers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-023-02444-z","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase-1 inhibition with brensocatib reduces the activity of all major neutrophil serine proteases in patients with bronchiectasis: Results from the WILLOW trial","volume":"24","author":"Cipolla","year":"2023","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2411664","article-title":"Phase 3 Trial of the DPP-1 Inhibitor Brensocatib in Bronchiectasis","volume":"392","author":"Chalmers","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092385","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria","volume":"303","author":"Brinkmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00787-0","article-title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Systemic Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases","volume":"23","author":"Wigerblad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3767","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06263-5","article-title":"Chromatin Swelling Drives Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Release","volume":"9","author":"Neubert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7326","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1909546117","article-title":"NETosis Proceeds by Cytoskeleton and Endomembrane Disassembly and PAD4-Mediated Chromatin Decondensation and Nuclear Envelope Rupture","volume":"117","author":"Thiam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281763","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2023.2281763","article-title":"Anti-Citrullinated Histone Monoclonal Antibody CIT-013, a Dual Action Therapeutic for Neutrophil Extracellular Trap-Associated Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"15","author":"Kumari","year":"2023","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.17706","article-title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Are Widely Distributed Across Lesional and Perilesional Hidradenitis Suppurativa Skin, and Elevated Serum NET Markers Associate with Moderate to Severe HS Disease","volume":"64","author":"Stein","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaav5908","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aav5908","article-title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps, B Cells, and Type I Interferons Contribute to Immune Dysregulation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"11","author":"Byrd","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100450","article-title":"Netting neutrophils induce endothelial damage, infiltrate tissues and expose immunostimulatory molecules in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"187","author":"Villanueva","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R122","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4579","article-title":"Enhanced neutrophil extracellular trap generation in rheumatoid arthritis: Analysis of underlying signal transduction pathways and potential diagnostic utility","volume":"16","author":"Giaglis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3887","article-title":"Diabetes primes neutrophils to undergo NETosis, which impairs wound healing","volume":"21","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0145-y","article-title":"Pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions for ANCA-associated vasculitis","volume":"15","author":"Nakazawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700970","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00970-2017","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular trap formation is regulated by CXCR2 in COPD neutrophils","volume":"51","author":"Pedersen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2022.06.024","article-title":"Neutralizing Anti\u2013DNase 1 and \u2013DNase 1L3 Antibodies Impair Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Degradation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"143","author":"Oliveira","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2021.07.187","article-title":"Autoantibodies Present in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Correlate with Disease Severity and Promote the Release of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Macrophages","volume":"142","author":"Shipman","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Knight, J.S., Carmona-Rivera, C., and Kaplan, M.J. (2012). Proteins derived from neutrophil extracellular traps may serve as self-antigens and mediate organ damage in autoimmune diseases. Front. Immunol., 3.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00380"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fousert, E., Toes, R., and Desai, J. (2020). Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) Take the Central Stage in Driving Autoimmune Responses. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9040915"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000001006","article-title":"Autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis\u2014Rheumatoid factor, anticitrullinated protein antibodies and beyond","volume":"36","author":"Steiner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2015.07.002","article-title":"The Genetics of Hidradenitis Suppurativa","volume":"34","author":"Ingram","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dermatol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2024.09.001","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps activate Notch-\u03b3-secretase signaling in hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"155","author":"Oliveira","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.1735","article-title":"Inhibition of PAD4 activity is sufficient to disrupt mouse and human NET formation","volume":"11","author":"Lewis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-19-1020","article-title":"A Novel Peptidylarginine Deiminase 4 (PAD4) Inhibitor BMS-P5 Blocks Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Delays Progression of Multiple Myeloma","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-30246-2","article-title":"Alleviation of arthritis through prevention of neutrophil extracellular traps by an orally available inhibitor of protein arginine deiminase 4","volume":"13","author":"Gajendran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36257-x","article-title":"A subset of antibodies targeting citrullinated proteins confers protection from rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"14","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-0381-3","article-title":"Therapeutic ACPA inhibits NET formation: A potential therapy for neutrophil-mediated inflammatory diseases","volume":"18","author":"Chirivi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.5A1015-489R","article-title":"Characterization of neutrophil function in Papillon\u2013Lef\u00e8vre syndrome","volume":"100","author":"Roberts","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/4\/2076\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T14:08:20Z","timestamp":1771855700000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/4\/2076"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms27042076"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms27042076","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]}}}