{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T16:51:16Z","timestamp":1790182276184,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Funds Project","award":["ZYYD2026ZY06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZYYD2026ZY06"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou, China","award":["2024B03J1322"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024B03J1322"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China","award":["2023A1111120025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1111120025"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82304322"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82304322"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81973203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81973203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82404454"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82404454"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation, China","award":["2021B1515140062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021B1515140062"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The ethanolic extract of the roots of Murraya exotica (Rutaceae) yielded twenty coumarins, including twelve previously undescribed compounds named exoticoumarins A\u2013L (1\u201312; two biscoumarins, five coumarin hybrids, and five monomers). Their structures, including absolute configurations, were elucidated by a combination of NMR and HR-ESI-MS analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, ECD exciton coupling, Mo2(OAc)4- and Rh2(OCOCF3)4-induced ECD, comparison of experimental with calculated ECD spectra, and chemical hydrolysis. Anti-inflammatory evaluation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages identified exoticoumarins A and K (1 and 11) as potent inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) production, with IC50 values of 7.41 and 10.63 \u03bcM, respectively. Mechanistic studies revealed that 1 suppressed nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression at both transcriptional and translational levels, an effect associated with the inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation within the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, without markedly affecting extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) 1\/2 phosphorylation. These findings highlight exoticoumarin A (1) as a promising anti-inflammatory lead derived from M. exotica.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27052200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T11:23:45Z","timestamp":1772105025000},"page":"2200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Discovery of Exoticoumarins A\u2013L: New Anti-Inflammatory Coumarin Derivatives from Murraya exotica"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhan-Tao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dai-Lin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing-Ying","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry and Application at Universities of Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry and Application at Universities of Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5616-9661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia-Luo","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8831-7154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gui-Hua","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11081","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5c00055","article-title":"Discovery of an NF-\u03baB1 p105 Degrader for Anti-Inflammatory Therapy via Structural Optimization of the Coumarin Natural Product Minutuminolate","volume":"68","author":"Choo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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