{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T11:19:04Z","timestamp":1772709544771,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016991","name":"Universidad de Guadalajara","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PIN-2023-IV"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIN-2023-IV"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016991","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The sum of diseases has been associated with many personal, behavioral, and psychological variables as well as with many biochemical, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and epigenetic biomarkers. However, the search for the association between some of these biomarkers and illness count is limited, particularly in Mexican individuals. (1) To determine the associations between personal, behavioral, biochemical, and molecular factors with the illness count in Mexican individuals, globally and segmented by sex, and (2) to determine the intercorrelation among the studied biomarkers. Mexican adults were invited to participate, and many personal, psychological, and biochemical variables were measured; in addition, the systolic blood pressure, body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio were obtained. The self-report of 28 health conditions was measured, and the detection of 3 (diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) conditions was obtained with biochemical analyses and blood pressure measurement; with these reports, we obtained the variable illness count. A total of 157 individuals were included, of whom 83 (52.9%) were women; the median age and range were 24 (18\u201358) years old, and all participants were Mexican mestizo individuals. Women showed a higher number of self-reported\/detected diseases than men. The multivariate analyses revealed that female sex, age, having children, risky eating behavior, poor sleep quality, systolic blood pressure, and lower levels of IL-10 were significantly correlated with the illness count. In the women\u2019s sample, lower levels of IL-10, less free time, monthly earnings, and depression were positively correlated with illness count. In the men\u2019s sample, the age, systolic blood pressure, poor sleep quality, 8-OHdG, IL-6, and plateletcrit, in addition to positive relations with others, were variables positively correlated with illness count. In the correlations of the studied biomarkers, we found that IL-10, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-8 showed a high positive correlation among them; in addition, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers showed low significant correlations among them. Many personal, biochemical, and psychological factors are associated with the number of diseases, while the associated biomarkers differed in each sex, highlighting the role of IL-10, 8-OHdG, IL-6, and plateletcrit.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27052408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T10:31:14Z","timestamp":1772706674000},"page":"2408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association Between Personal, Behavioral, Psychological, Biochemical and Molecular Biomarkers with Illness Count in a Sample of Mexican Individuals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6455-3662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aniel Jessica Leticia","family":"Brambila-Tapia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Psicolog\u00eda B\u00e1sica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5035-3347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Ponce-Guarneros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Assessment of Prognosis Biomarkers in Autoimmune Disorders, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"},{"name":"Instituto de Terap\u00e9utica Experimental y Cl\u00ednica (INTEC), Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2272-9612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana M\u00edriam","family":"Salda\u00f1a-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Assessment of Prognosis Biomarkers in Autoimmune Disorders, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"},{"name":"Instituto de Terap\u00e9utica Experimental y Cl\u00ednica (INTEC), Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7433-1908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sa\u00fal","family":"Ram\u00edrez-De los Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Psicolog\u00eda B\u00e1sica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7813-7467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heriberto","family":"Jacobo-Cuevas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Assessment of Prognosis Biomarkers in Autoimmune Disorders, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"},{"name":"Instituto de Terap\u00e9utica Experimental y Cl\u00ednica (INTEC), Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brambila-Tapia, A.J.L., Mac\u00edas-Espinoza, F., Reyes-Dom\u00ednguez, Y.A., Ram\u00edrez-Garc\u00eda, M.L., Miranda-Lavastida, A.J., R\u00edos-Gonz\u00e1lez, B.E., Salda\u00f1a-Cruz, A.M., Esparza-Guerrero, Y., Mora-Moreno, F.F., and D\u00e1valos-Rodr\u00edguez, I.P. 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