{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T06:04:32Z","timestamp":1773468272271,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this review is to examine the contribution of genomic variation to preeclampsia susceptibility in Africans. PubMed\/Medline, Scopus, African Index Medicus and Sabinet African Journals databases were used to access studies conducted in populations of African descent focussing on the genomics of preeclampsia. Studies were selected according to PRISMA guidelines and assessed for quality and risk of bias using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model, and publication bias was evaluated using the Eggers test and funnel plots. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was applied to evaluate the certainty of evidence outcomes. Sixty-six (66) studies reporting on genomics of preeclampsia were retrieved. Forty-four (44) studies had a quality assessment score \u226575%. Vascular pathway genes (GNB3, FLT1, NOS3 and VEGFC; OR (95% CI): 1.61 (1.38\u20131.88); I2: 0.0%, p = 0.87; GRADE: low certainty), immune\/inflammatory pathway genes (APOL1, ERAP2, HLA-G, IL-1\u03b2, LEPR and TNF-\u03b1; OR (95% CI): 2.07 (1.68\u20132.54); I2: 42.2%, p = 0.04; GRADE: low certainty) and cellular homeostasis genes (GLUT9, URAT1, SLC4A1 and SLCO4C1; OR (95% CI): 1.65 (1.43\u20131.91); I2: 0.0%, p = 0.99; GRADE: low certainty) showed pooled effect estimates suggestive of moderate to increased preeclampsia risk. APOL1 G1 or G2 risk alleles seemed to contribute 1.70-fold (95% CI: 1.39\u20132.07; I2: 0.0%; p = 0.51; GRADE: low certainty), respectively, to overall preeclampsia risk. Vascular, immune\/inflammatory and cellular homeostasis genes may be ideal starting points for future research, and further validation of the role of APOL1 G1 or G2 risk alleles in preeclampsia may be essential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27062594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T09:23:03Z","timestamp":1773307383000},"page":"2594","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preeclampsia Genomic Susceptibility Factors in Populations of African Ancestry: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6812-6676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan N.","family":"Katsukunya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"},{"name":"SAMRC\/UCT Platform for Pharmacogenomics Research and Translation, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6974-8581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bianca","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMRC\/UCT Platform for Pharmacogenomics Research and Translation, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"},{"name":"Kidney and Hypertension Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khuthala","family":"Mnika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"},{"name":"SAMRC\/UCT Platform for Pharmacogenomics Research and Translation, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"},{"name":"Genetics of Inherited Kidney Diseases Africa (GIKD-Africa) Research Group, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1250-8293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nyarai D.","family":"Soko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"},{"name":"SAMRC\/UCT Platform for Pharmacogenomics Research and Translation, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"},{"name":"Biomedical Sciences Unit, School of Allied Health Sciences, Harare Institute of Technology, Harare P.O. Box BE 277, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7052-3284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayesha","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mushi","family":"Matjila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3569-3498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMRC\/UCT Platform for Pharmacogenomics Research and Translation, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"},{"name":"Kidney and Hypertension Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5925-4895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Collet","family":"Dandara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"},{"name":"SAMRC\/UCT Platform for Pharmacogenomics Research and Translation, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7700, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e323","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70227-X","article-title":"Global causes of maternal death: A WHO systematic analysis","volume":"2","author":"Say","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. 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