{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T22:29:20Z","timestamp":1783117760222,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science Committee of the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["BR27101179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BR27101179"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The study investigates the catalytic activity of vanadium-containing catalysts in the selective oxidation of 4-methylpyridine (4-MP) in the gas phase. V-Cr, V-Ti, and V-Ti-Cr catalysts were synthesised and studied. The phase composition and structural features of the catalysts were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, and their thermal stability was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA\/DTA). Textural characteristics were evaluated by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption\u2013desorption (BET, BJH), surface morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the distribution of elements was investigated using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The chemical composition of the catalysts was determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and catalytic activity was evaluated in the selective gas-phase oxidation reaction of 4-methylpyridine in the temperature range 280\u2013380 \u00b0C. It was found that an increase in temperature is accompanied by an increase in the conversion of 4-methylpyridine, but at the same time, deep oxidation reactions intensify. The best result is achieved on the V-Ti-Cr catalyst, for which the conversion of 4-MP reaches 86.88% and the selectivity is 73.06% at 320 \u00b0C. However, V-Ti provides moderate stable performance, while V-Cr demonstrates relatively low efficiency. Thus, it can be concluded that the nature of the temperature dependence of 4-methylpyridine conversion reflects the different nature of the active centres and their stability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27062715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T09:35:57Z","timestamp":1773740157000},"page":"2715","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Synthesis and Investigation of Vanadium-Based Catalysts for the Oxidation of 4-Methylpyridine to Isonicotinic Acid"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6097-3117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurdaulet","family":"Buzayev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3141-7661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kairat","family":"Kadirbekov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mels","family":"Oshakbayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2025, November 21). Tuberculosis. World Health Organization 2025. 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