{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:30:06Z","timestamp":1788449406305,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82173314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82173314"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Renal cancer is a common malignant tumor in the urinary system. Current research has found that immune escape in kidney cancer can prevent immune system attacks through specific mechanisms, making it difficult for the immune system to effectively kill cancer cells, and promote the progression and metastasis of kidney cancer. Therefore, despite the continuous updating of immunotherapy methods for kidney cancer, the high recurrence rate, high drug resistance, and severe side effects of kidney cancer patients are still difficult to solve. This review systematically summarizes the latest mechanisms of immune escape in the renal cancer immune microenvironment, including abnormal expression of histocompatibility complex (MHC), secretion of immunosuppressive factors, programmed death ligand-1 with abnormal expression, recruiting immunosuppressive cells, and VHL gene deletion. This article also summarizes new treatment strategies proposed for these immune escape mechanisms. We hope this will help future researchers further explore the immune escape mechanism of renal cell carcinoma and propose new immunotherapy strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27073064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T14:33:33Z","timestamp":1774622013000},"page":"3064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Immune Escape in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Latest Research and Treatment Strategies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kaixiang","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6914-6257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.12848","article-title":"Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Review","volume":"332","author":"Rose","year":"2024","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"64","article-title":"Global burden of benign prostatic hyperplasia, urinary tract infections, urolithiasis, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, and prostate cancer from 1990 to 2021","volume":"11","author":"Zi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mil. 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