{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:34:31Z","timestamp":1785429271720,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004410","name":"Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["219S307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["219S307"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["219S307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["219S307"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04w9kkr77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive synaptic dysfunction, axonal pathology, and cognitive decline, with the hippocampal circuits showing particular vulnerability during disease progression. However, early-life nutritional interventions may influence long-term synaptic resilience. In this study, we investigated the long-term effects of prenatal and lactational supplementation with choline, UMP, and fish oil in the 5XFAD mouse model. To this end, hippocampal synaptic and axonal pathology was assessed at 3, 6, and 9 months using Western blotting and immunofluorescence to measure synaptophysin, PSD-95, and neurofilament medium chain (NF-M), alongside a multidimensional behavioral battery that evaluated cognitive, affective, motor, and sensory outcomes. Results showed that early-life supplementation did not significantly improve the learning performance decline, increase nociception, or reverse changes in anxiety behavior in transgenic mice. However, it attenuated synaptic decline in transgenic animals by partially preserving synaptophysin and PSD-95 levels and reducing NF-M elevations. These molecular effects were accompanied by selective behavioral modulation, including preserved learning dynamics, altered anxiety-like behavior, and delayed nociceptive hypersensitivity, while late-stage motor impairments remained largely unaffected. Overall, prenatal and lactational supplementation produced modest, age-dependent effects on synaptic markers and partially prevented neurodegenerative progression in the 5XFAD model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27083342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T09:49:44Z","timestamp":1775641784000},"page":"3342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of UMP, Choline, and Fish Oil on Synaptic Integrity and Motor Coordination in an Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Elif Nedret","family":"Keskinoz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9361-3297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghazal","family":"Footohi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4397-1849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Musa","family":"Celik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2900-2969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dilan","family":"Acar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gokcen","family":"Ozgun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merve Acikel","family":"Elmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130layda","family":"Yavuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5130-5686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ece","family":"Ada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5737-9498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efe","family":"Sari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beril","family":"Ay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Can","family":"Unal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130smail Hakki","family":"Ulus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Okan University, 34959 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serap","family":"Arbak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0863-1547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guldal","family":"Suyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devrim","family":"Oz-Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e32218","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032218","article-title":"Treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease by Combination of Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Based on Pathophysiological Mechanism: A Review","volume":"101","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxn008","article-title":"Dementia of the Alzheimer Type","volume":"30","author":"Jalbert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiol. 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