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In this context, plants and natural products have emerged as promising therapeutic alternatives. SteLL (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi leaf lectin) has demonstrated several biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of SteLL in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Female BALB\/c mice received intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of SteLL (1, 5, or 10 mg\/kg), dexamethasone (2 mg\/kg), or vehicle (PBS). Sixty minutes later, ALI was induced by intranasal instillation of 25 \u00b5L of LPS (1 \u03bcg\/\u03bcL). After 24 h, the animals were euthanized. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained to evaluate inflammatory parameters and lungs were collected for histopathological analysis. The tested doses of SteLL resulted in a 45\u201366% lower leukocyte infiltration. The group treated with 5 mg\/kg exhibited a lower proportion of neutrophils and a higher proportion of mononucleated cells. Pre-treatment with SteLL also minimized plasma leakage and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Furthermore, SteLL attenuated the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines at all tested doses as well as prevented nitric oxide (NO) production at the highest dose (10 mg\/kg). Histopathological analysis showed that SteLL (5 and 10 mg\/kg) attenuated LPS-induced lung injury. Overall, SteLL demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects, showing its potential as a plant-derived compound for modulating pulmonary inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27083394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T07:55:12Z","timestamp":1775807712000},"page":"3394","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Lectin from Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi Leaves (SteLL) Exhibited Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Amanda de Oliveira","family":"Marinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria N\u00edvea Bezerra","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Karollina Viana","family":"Chagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Al\u00edcia Natalie Silva","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Paulo","family":"Marcelino Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia Maria Guedes","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4399-3650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel Viana","family":"Pontual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anderson Arnaldo","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Anatomia, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leydianne Leite de Siqueira","family":"Patriota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0065-2602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thiago Henrique","family":"Napole\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.10.029","article-title":"Cordycepin inhibits LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress","volume":"818","author":"Lei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. 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