{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:24:36Z","timestamp":1790947476432,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro","award":["#200.960-2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#200.960-2022"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian Council for Scientific Research","award":["#30515-2020-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#30515-2020-5"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted the rapid development and deployment of novel strategies and methodologies to manage the dissemination of microorganisms. Understanding the crucial role that contaminated surfaces play in the spread of viruses highlights the importance of having effective cleaning and disinfection protocols in place for inanimate objects. A variety of antimicrobial agents have shown strong effectiveness against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Various factors can impact on the performance of these agents. As a result, technologies utilizing ozone\u2019s microbicidal effects have been developed or improved for cleaning indoor areas, surfaces, and materials, despite ozone\u2019s diverse uses being known for years. Ozone offers the advantage of adaptability for both gaseous and aqueous use, depending on the nature of the decontaminated surfaces. Moreover, ozone-infused water is ecologically benign, possesses microbial-fighting capabilities, and synergistically reinforces the biocidal action of other chemical disinfectants. This review aims to summarize the efforts dedicated to harnessing gaseous and aqueous ozone as a valuable means to eliminate the SARS-CoV-2 virus from environments, surfaces, clinical equipment, and office supplies. This review sourced evidence-based articles from electronic databases, including MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, the Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), and preprint repositories. The findings illustrated that ozone could serve as an additional tool for curbing the proliferation of COVID-19 and other viral infections. Additionally, we elucidated the operational attributes of ozone, the variables that influence its disinfection potency, and the mechanisms of its virucidal action. Notably, this review does not encompass the disinfection of the COVID-19 virus in wastewater.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27083632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T08:24:23Z","timestamp":1776673463000},"page":"3632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Advances in Ozone-Based Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2: An Updated Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Karyne","family":"Rangel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics (LESM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Helena Sim\u00f5es","family":"Villas-B\u00f4as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, National Institute for Quality Control in Health (INCQS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2172-656X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore Giovanni","family":"De-Simone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics (LESM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Post-Graduation Program in Science and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University (U.F.F.), Niteroi 22040-036, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spc.2020.10.016","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 on the social, economic, environmental, and energy domains: Lessons learned from a global pandemic","volume":"26","author":"Mofijur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustain. 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