{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:12:58Z","timestamp":1785413578689,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness","award":["PID2023-151156NB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-151156NB-I00"]}]},{"name":"\u201cUnidad de Excelencia Mar\u00eda de Maeztu\u201d","award":["CEX2024-001431-M"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEX2024-001431-M"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Technology","award":["AEI-PID2022-140423NB-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AEI-PID2022-140423NB-100"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Technology","award":["CNS2023-143700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS2023-143700"]}]},{"award":["AEI-PID2022-140423NB-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AEI-PID2022-140423NB-100"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02heb2n75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["CNS2023-143700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS2023-143700"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02heb2n75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study demonstrates how synthesis conditions and bacterial cellulose (BC) functionalization influence the physicochemical properties and antibacterial performance of BC membranes containing green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Mint and avocado-seed extracts enabled AgNP formation in aqueous media but differed in composition. UV\u2013Vis screening across pH and temperature revealed inefficient synthesis at acidic pH, whereas higher temperatures produced broader localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) bands. Neutral conditions generated the most intense and narrow LSPR signals. Under optimized conditions (pH 7, 23 \u00b0C), AgNPs were confirmed by TEM, and their colloidal properties differed between extracts: mint-derived particles exhibited smaller hydrodynamic diameters and lower polydispersity than avocado-derived AgNPs. Two BC functionalization strategies were evaluated: immersion in pre-formed AgNP dispersions and in situ synthesis within the BC matrix. In situ membranes displayed stronger and better-defined LSPR peaks. Agitation released nanoparticles from all BC-AgNP membranes, with smaller species released from in situ systems. Antibacterial assays against E. coli showed greater bactericidal activity for in situ membranes. Avocado-derived in situ BC-AgNPs produced larger inhibition halos and prevented bacterial regrowth in liquid culture. Overall, in situ green synthesis within BC provides an effective route to robust and sustainable antibacterial BC membranes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27093943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:09:33Z","timestamp":1777388973000},"page":"3943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bacterial Cellulose Membranes Functionalized with In Situ Green-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Gul Naz","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Synthetic Biology for Biomedical Applications Lab, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta Palau","family":"Gauthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synthetic Biology for Biomedical Applications Lab, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiutian","family":"She","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Biomedical Materials and Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6587-7538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Rivera-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Biomedical Materials and Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6705-5554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Macia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synthetic Biology for Biomedical Applications Lab, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1039\/D0MA00807A","article-title":"Nanomaterials: A review of synthesis methods, properties, recent progress, and challenges","volume":"2","author":"Baig","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. 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