{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T22:47:36Z","timestamp":1787870856195,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the study was to modify polylactide with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO), raspberry leaf extract (E), and a combined ZnO\/extract system (EZnO) in order to prepare novel packaging materials via a solvent-free method, namely cast extrusion. Physicochemical properties: Morphology (GPC, SEM, FTIR), mechanical (tensile tests, puncture), barrier (WVTR, OTR, UV-Vis) and water contact angle for PLA-based films with two thickness ranges were investigated. Additionally, antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral) tests were performed. GPC results revealed that the presence of the extract counteracted biopolyester degradation during hot melt processing. The best mechanical properties (TS ca. 50 MPa, EB ca. 18%) were obtained for PLA modified with raspberry leaf extract (PLA\/E). EZnO addition led to the highest increase in oxygen (with 25%) and water vapor (up to ca. 28%) barrier properties. The material with EZnO addition was also found to be the only one to demonstrate antibacterial effectiveness, although the activity was insignificant. However, the incorporation of EZnO into the biopolymer matrix enhanced its antiviral properties, resulting in the complete inactivation of \u03a66 bacteriophage particles used as a surrogate of SARS-CoV-2 virus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27094002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T08:03:47Z","timestamp":1777536227000},"page":"4002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Polylactide Modified with ZnO and Raspberry Leaf Extract as Active Food Packaging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7049-1656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Zdanowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Mizieli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3208-9250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Jankowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.11880","article-title":"What Is the Role of Active Packaging in the Future of Food Sustainability? 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