{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T23:21:33Z","timestamp":1785280893222,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Operational Programme \u201cCompetitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation\u201d","award":["MIS 5002691"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIS 5002691"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and national resources","award":["MIS Code 5047285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIS Code 5047285"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The resurrection plant Haberlea rhodopensis is a rare species endemic to Greece and Bulgaria, renowned for its exceptional desiccation tolerance and rich phytochemical composition. This study investigated the antioxidant, cytoprotective, and wound-healing-associated effects of H. rhodopensis ethanolic extract (HEE) in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) under oxidative and cytotoxic stress conditions. Antioxidant capacity was initially evaluated using a plasmid DNA protection assay, in which HEE attenuated oxidative DNA damage induced by a Fenton reaction system and preserved the native supercoiled structure of pUC19 plasmid DNA. Cytotoxicity screening using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and real-time proliferation monitoring (HoloMonitor\u00ae M4) identified 20 \u03bcg\/mL as a non-toxic pre-treatment concentration (EC10). Under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress, HEE pre-treatment maintained cell viability and significantly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, indicating a protective effect. In vitro wound-healing assays demonstrated enhanced scratch closure in keratinocyte monolayers. RT-qPCR analysis revealed modulation of antioxidant-related genes (CAT, SOD1, HMOX1, NQO1, GPX, GSR), while mRNA sequencing suggested selective stress-adaptive responses, involving extracellular matrix (ECM)-, metabolic-, and tissue-repair\/aging-associated pathways. Overall, HEE exhibits antioxidant and cytoprotective effects in keratinocytes and is associated with transcriptional changes linked to cellular stress responses and wound closure. These findings support its potential relevance for dermatological, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical applications, while further studies are required to establish the underlying molecular mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27104262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T07:49:09Z","timestamp":1778572149000},"page":"4262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating the Antioxidant, Cytoprotective and Wound-Healing-Associated Effects of Haberlea rhodopensis Ethanolic Extract in Human Skin Keratinocytes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5266-5237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antreas","family":"Ermogenous","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Sarigiannidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4342-3464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Psomiadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afroditi","family":"Panagiotidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0173-8560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgia Persephoni","family":"Voulgaridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"},{"name":"Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4575-4776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Despoina Eugenia","family":"Kiousi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4020-1918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Moyankova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Genetics, Abiotic and Biotic Stress, Agrobioinstitute, Agricultural Academy, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6492-8033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitar","family":"Djilianov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Genetics, Abiotic and Biotic Stress, Agrobioinstitute, Agricultural Academy, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9991-3173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Galanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0913-4315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aglaia","family":"Pappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112359","article-title":"The Ancient Thracian Endemic Plant Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. and Related Species: A Review","volume":"249","author":"Georgiev","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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