{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T22:05:07Z","timestamp":1788386707287,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the bio-physiological responses occurring under extreme stress conditions and the characterization of the oxy-inflammatory profile of Finishers (FRs) and NoFinishers (NFRs) athletes during the time course and following the Transpyr\u00e9n\u00e9a, an 866 km extreme ultra-race across the French Pyrenees with an altitude difference of 52,900+ m ascent. Thirty-nine experienced ultra-marathon runners (age 43.5 \u00b1 9.1 years; weight 72.1 \u00b1 11.1 kg; BMI 23.3 \u00b1 2.6 kg\/m2) were studied using minimally invasive methods on capillary blood and urine samples obtained at baseline (T0), during (T1, 2, 3) and at the end (T4) of the race. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative damage (8-hydroxy-2-deoxy Guanosine: 8-OH-dG and 8-isoprostane: 8-isoPGF2\u03b1), inflammatory (IL-6), nitric oxide pathway (NOx and 3-NT), neopterin, and hematologic (lactate, and hematocrit) biomarkers were assessed. In both FR and NFR athletes a marked systemic increase in ROS, oxidative and nitrosative damage, inflammation, transient immune-renal dysfunction and lactate release were detected throughout the race. Compared to FRs, NFRs displayed significant differences concerning ROS production at T0, 8-isoPGF2-\u03b1 at T0, T1 and T2, and perceived exertion (RPE score) at T2. These data potentially reflect enhanced adaptative responses to training and metabolic efficacy in FRs, allowing them to better tolerate extreme physiological stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27104295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T16:04:36Z","timestamp":1778601876000},"page":"4295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Oxy-Inflammatory Profile of Finishers and No-Finishers in an Extreme Ultra-Endurance Trail Race: The 866 km Transpyr\u00e9n\u00e9a"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7359-2690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Mrakic-Sposta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research (IFC-CNR), (Milan-Pisa), Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20164 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Societ\u00e0 Italiana Medicina di Montagna, SIMeM, 35138 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maristella","family":"Gussoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research (IFC-CNR), (Milan-Pisa), Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20164 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Mrakic-Sposta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Societ\u00e0 Italiana Medicina di Montagna, SIMeM, 35138 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Giardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Societ\u00e0 Italiana Medicina di Montagna, SIMeM, 35138 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Neurology and Neurophysiology Department, Mountain Medicine Center Valle d\u2019Aosta Regional Hospital Umberto Parini, 11100 Aosta, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenza","family":"Pratali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research (IFC-CNR), (Milan-Pisa), Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20164 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Societ\u00e0 Italiana Medicina di Montagna, SIMeM, 35138 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5152-761X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michela","family":"Montorsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research (IFC-CNR), (Milan-Pisa), Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20164 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8335-5541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Tonacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research (IFC-CNR), (Milan-Pisa), Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20164 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Dellanoce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research (IFC-CNR), (Milan-Pisa), Piazza Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20164 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7419-5099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Societ\u00e0 Italiana Medicina di Montagna, SIMeM, 35138 Padova, Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Information Science and Technologies \u201cA. 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