{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:33:41Z","timestamp":1785429221884,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23-74-10081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-74-10081"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["23-74-10081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-74-10081"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03y2gwe85","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FFES-2024-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFES-2024-0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["FFES-2024-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFES-2024-0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ghqgy32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work described a novel freshwater strain of Cyanobacteria, Dolichospermum solitarium MAC\u2013C17 from the Zaporozhye region in the south of European Russia and characterised its growth and biochemical parameters. The strain demonstrated high biomass, lipid, and protein productivity, comparable to the best-known data for high-productivity cyanobacteria. The highest protein content (383.76 mg g\u22121 dry weight) was in the exponential growth phase. In contrast, the highest content of lipids, vitamin E (\u03b1-tocopherol) and vitamin A (retinol) was in the stationary phase (150.05 mg g\u22121, 45.58 \u00b5g g\u22121 and 31.61 \u00b5g g\u22121). The productivity of Dolichospermum solitarium MAC\u2013C17 was 19.26 mg L\u22121 d\u22121 for lipids, 42.54 mg L\u22121 d\u22121 for protein, 4.06 \u00b5g L\u22121 d\u22121 for retinol, and 5.85 \u00b5g L\u22121 d\u22121 for \u03b1-tocopherol. A distinctive feature of the new strain was its high chlorophyll a content (4.87\u20136.12 mg g\u22121). The antioxidant defence system of Dolichospermum solitarium differed between the exponential and stationary growth phases. During the exponential growth phase, strain MAC\u2013C17 exhibited high catalase activity. In contrast, the stationary phase was characterised by a distinct shift in its antioxidant profile, marked by a substantial increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, a significant rise in retinol and \u03b1-tocopherol levels. These findings suggest that strain Dolichospermum solitarium MAC\u2013C17 possessed considerable biotechnological potential. It demonstrated strong potential as a producer of high-value commercial compounds, a promising candidate for developing antioxidant formulations, and a valuable asset for applications that boost agricultural yields and advance phytoremediation technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27104336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T16:26:37Z","timestamp":1778689597000},"page":"4336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Biochemical Screening of the New Strain Dolichospermum solitarium (Cyanobacteria) for Phytoremediation and Biotechnology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Irina","family":"Maltseva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, Melitopol State University, Melitopol 272312, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4667-3684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandr","family":"Yakoviichuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, Melitopol State University, Melitopol 272312, Russia"},{"name":"K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, Moscow 127276, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6060-3968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svetlana","family":"Maltseva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, Moscow 127276, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim","family":"Kulikovskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, Moscow 127276, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yevhen","family":"Maltsev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, Moscow 127276, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.007","article-title":"Cyanobacteria evolution: Insight from the fossil record","volume":"140","author":"Demoulin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ohyama, T. (2014). Nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria: Future prospect. Advances in Biology and Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation, IntechOpen.","DOI":"10.5772\/56990"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whitton, B. (2012). Cyanobacteria in the Cryosphere: Snow, Ice and Extreme Cold. Ecology of Cyanobacteria II, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-3855-3"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whitton, B.A., and Potts, M. (2012). Introduction to the cyanobacteria. Ecology of Cyanobacteria II, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-3855-3"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1134\/S1995425514020140","article-title":"Peculiarities of postpyrogene development of algae in steppe biocenoses at Askania Nova Biospheric National Park","volume":"7","author":"Scherbina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contemp. Probl. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.201800216","article-title":"Desiccation and radiation stress tolerance in cyanobacteria","volume":"58","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Basic Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Foster, L., Muhamadali, H., Boothman, C., Sigee, D., Pittman, J.K., Goodacre, R., Morris, K., and Lloyd, J.R. (2020). Radiation Tolerance of Pseudanabaena catenata, a Cyanobacterium Relevant to the First Generation Magnox Storage Pond. Front. Microbiol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00515"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-021-01759-y","article-title":"Diversity of cyanobacteria and algae during primary succession in iron ore tailing dumps","volume":"83","author":"Maltsev","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, J.S., Kumar, A., Rai, A.N., and Singh, D.P. (2016). Cyanobacteria: A Precious Bio-resource in Agriculture, Ecosystem, and Environmental Sustainability. Front. Microbiol., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00529"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tao, Y., Li, Y., Fu, Y., She, S., Wang, X., Hou, L., Chen, C., and Chen, L. (2025). Differences in carbon and nitrogen cycling strategies and regional variability in biological soil crust types. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26093989"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lourembam, J., Haobam, B., Singh, K.B., Verma, S., and Rajan, J.P. (2024). The molecular insights of cyanobacterial bioremediations of heavy metals: The current and the future challenges. Front. Microbiol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1450992"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.3329\/bjb.v49i4.52558","article-title":"Adverse effects of nitrogenous compounds on nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena solitaria Klebahn","volume":"49","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bangladesh J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2021.102517","article-title":"Potential of the cyanobacteria Anabaena sp. and Dolichospermum sp. for being produced using wastewater or pig slurry: Validation using pilot-scale raceway reactors","volume":"60","author":"Ciardi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Algal Res."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"2984","article-title":"Comparative growth analysis of cyanobacteria from diverse habitats with reference to pigments","volume":"11","author":"Kaur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15923","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-11754-4","article-title":"A comparative assessment of growth, pigment and enhanced lipid production by two toxic freshwater cyanobacteria Anabaena circinalis FSS 124 and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii FSS 127 under various combinations of nitrogen and phosphorous inputs","volume":"28","author":"Sarkar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parthiban, J., and Jambulingam, R. (2023). Enhancing the Biodiesel Production Potential of Synechococcus elongatus and Anabaena Cyanobacterial Strain Isolated from Saline Water Using Different Media Composition and Organic Carbon Sources. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15010870"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6857","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-54414-0","article-title":"Lipids productivity of cyanobacterium Anabaena vaginicola in an internally illuminated photobioreactor using LED bar lights","volume":"14","author":"Goldoost","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2017.02.016","article-title":"Dolichospermum and Aphanizomenon as neurotoxins producers in some Russian freshwaters","volume":"130","author":"Chernova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-024-03214-0","article-title":"The commercial potential of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, a nitrogen-fixing edible cyanobacterium","volume":"36","author":"Scoglio","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/WOX.0b013e3182439613","article-title":"Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense","volume":"5","author":"Birben","year":"2012","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ. J."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3109\/07388550903524243","article-title":"Roles of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in plants during abiotic stress","volume":"30","author":"Ahmad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2009.00897.x","article-title":"Chemical and molecular mechanisms of antioxidants: Experimental approaches and model systems","volume":"14","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Das, P., Nutan, K.K., Singla-Pareek, S.L., and Pareek, A. (2015). Oxidative environment and redox homeostasis in plants: Dissecting out significant contribution of major cellular organelles. Front. Environ. Sci., 2.","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2014.00070"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s11120-013-9936-9","article-title":"High radiation and desiccation tolerance of nitrogen-fixing cultures of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 emanates from genome\/proteome repair capabilities","volume":"118","author":"Singh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Photosynth. Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.3390\/stresses2040036","article-title":"Mechanisms of Stress Tolerance in Cyanobacteria under Extreme Conditions","volume":"2","author":"Yadav","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stresses"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"2644","article-title":"Antibiotic activity of two Anabaena species against four fish pathogenic Aeromonas species","volume":"7","author":"Ibraheem","year":"2010","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s11738-022-03465-9","article-title":"Deciphering salinity tolerance in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sphaerica: An evaluation of physiological and biochemical adjustments","volume":"44","author":"Kharwar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Plant."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Srivastava, R., Kanda, T., Yadav, S., Singh, N., Yadav, S., Prajapati, R., Kesari, V., and Atri, N. (2023). Salinity pretreatment synergies heat shock toxicity in cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC7120. Front. Microbiol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1061927"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.5507\/fot.2009.005","article-title":"Nomenclatural validation of the genetically revised cyanobacterial genus Dolichospermum (Ralfs ex Bornet et Flahault) comb. nova","volume":"9","author":"Wacklin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fottea"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2015.10.015","article-title":"An overview of diversity, occurrence, genetics and toxin production of bloom-forming Dolichospermum (Anabaena) species","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2018.05.009","article-title":"A closely-related clade of globally distributed bloom-forming cyanobacteria within the Nostocales","volume":"77","author":"Driscoll","year":"2018","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d6sterholm, J., Popin, R.V., Fewer, D.P., and Sivonen, K. (2020). Phylogenomic analysis of secondary metabolism in the toxic cyanobacterial genera Anabaena, Dolichospermum and Aphanizomenon. Toxins, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12040248"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2021.102005","article-title":"Complete genomes derived by directly sequencing freshwater bloom populations emphasize the significance of the genus level ADA clade within the Nostocales","volume":"103","author":"Dreher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2021.102037","article-title":"Comparative genomics of the ADA clade within the Nostocales","volume":"104","author":"Dreher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"B\u00fcdel, B., G\u00e4rtner, G., Krienitz, L., and Schagerl, M. (2013). Cyanoprokaryota. III. Heterocystous Genera. S\u00fc\u00dfwasserflora von Mitteleuropa, Springer Spektrum."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"241","article-title":"Gasvacuolen, ein Bestandteil der Zellen der wasserbl\u00fctebildenden Phycochromaceen","volume":"80","author":"Klebahn","year":"1895","journal-title":"Flora"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"1867","article-title":"Phylogenetic comparison of the cyanobacterial genera Anabaena and Aphanizomenon","volume":"52","author":"Gugger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.63276-0","article-title":"Phylogenetic and morphological evaluation of the genera Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Trichormus and Nostoc (Nostocales, Cyanobacteria)","volume":"55","author":"Rajaniemi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.17516\/1997-1389-2014-7-3-282-290","article-title":"Bloom-Forming Cyanoprokaryotes in Kharbeyskie Lakes of Bolshezemelskaya Tundra","volume":"7","author":"Patova","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Sib. Fed. Univ."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18653","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-16994-6","article-title":"Permanent occurrence of Raphidiopsis raciborskii and cyanotoxins in a subtropical reservoir polluted by domestic effluents (Itupararanga reservoir, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil)","volume":"29","author":"Frascareli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"171","article-title":"Sustainable Production of Pigments from Cyanobacteria","volume":"183","author":"Deepika","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7927","DOI":"10.1007\/s13399-024-05640-z","article-title":"Enhancing biodiesel production in Anabaena sphaerica MBDU 105: Exploring photo-, hetero-, and mixotrophic cultivation for biomass, lipid, and fuel properties","volume":"15","author":"Anahas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomass Conv. Bioref."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220059","DOI":"10.4491\/eer.2022.059","article-title":"Enhancing the biomass production of microalgae by mixotrophic cultivation using virgin coconut oil mill effluent","volume":"28","author":"Dewi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Eng. Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maltseva, I., Kochubey, A., Yakoviichuk, A., Maltseva, S., Kulikovskiy, M., and Maltsev, Y. (2025). A Comparative Study of the Antioxidant Status and Biotechnological Potential of Bracteacoccus minor (Chlorophyceae) Strains. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262110740"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbp.2020.07.008","article-title":"Identification of carotenoids and chlorophylls from green algae Chlorococcum humicola and extraction by liquefied dimethyl ether","volume":"123","author":"Babadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Bioprod. Process."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/s12155-025-10869-1","article-title":"Isolation and Screening of Indigenous Microalgal Strains from Diverse Ecological Niches for Lipid and Pigment Production Relevant to Sustainable Biorefinery Applications","volume":"18","author":"Vijay","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioenerg. Res."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chekanov, K., Litvinov, D., Fedorenko, T., Chivkunova, O., and Lobakova, E. (2021). Combined Production of Astaxanthin and \u03b2-Carotene in a New Strain of the Microalga Bracteacoccus aggregatus BM5\/15 (IPPAS C-2045) Cultivated in Photobioreactor. Biology, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10070643"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.15856","article-title":"ROS production and signalling in chloroplasts: Cornerstones and evolving concepts","volume":"111","author":"Foyer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.13515","article-title":"Succinate dehydrogenase (mitochondrial complex II) is a source of reactive oxygen species in plants and regulates development and stress responses","volume":"208","author":"Caverzan","year":"2015","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, M., and Lu, S. (2016). Plastoquinone and Ubiquinone in Plants: Biosynthesis, Physiological Function and Metabolic Engineering. Front. Plant Sci., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01898"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-005-2442-2","article-title":"Salinity and copper-induced oxidative damage and changes in the antioxidative defence systems of Anabaena doliolum","volume":"21","author":"Srivastava","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y.M., Chen, H., He, C.L., and Wang, Q. (2013). Nitrogen starvation induced oxidative stress in an oil-producing green alga Chlorella sorokiniana C3. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069225"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s13068-017-0747-7","article-title":"Nitrogen starvation-induced cellular crosstalk of ROS-scavenging antioxidants and phytohormone enhanced the biofuel potential of green microalga Acutodesmus dimorphus","volume":"10","author":"Chokshi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Biofuels"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Va\u0161kov\u00e1, J., Stup\u00e1k, M., Vidov\u00e1 Ugurba\u015f, M., \u017didzik, J., and Mi\u010dkov\u00e1, H. (2025). Therapeutic Uses of Retinol and Retinoid-Related Antioxidants. Molecules, 30.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30102191"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2867","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-017-1188-1","article-title":"Screening of microalgae and cyanobacteria strains for \u03b1-tocopherol content at different growth phases and the influence of nitrate reduction on \u03b1-tocopherol production","volume":"29","author":"Mudimu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.2323\/jgam.2022.01.003","article-title":"Recovery of photosynthesis after long-term storage in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc commune","volume":"68","author":"Sakamoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-020-01459-1","article-title":"Challenging microalgal vitamins for human health","volume":"19","author":"Smerilli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Fact."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2365","DOI":"10.3390\/md11072365","article-title":"Assessment of chemical and physico-chemical properties of cyanobacterial lipids for biodiesel production","volume":"11","author":"Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thangavel, K., Krishnan, P.R., Nagaiah, S., Kuppusamy, S., Chinnasamy, S., Rajadorai, J.S., Olaganathan, G.N., and Dananjeyan, B. (2018). Growth and metabolic characteristics of oleaginous microalgal isolates from Nilgiri biosphere Reserve of India. BMC Microbiol., 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-017-1144-x"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-011-9723-y","article-title":"Lipid productivity, settling potential and fatty acid profile of 11 microalgal species grown under nitrogen replete and limited conditions","volume":"24","author":"Griffiths","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El Shafay, S.M., Gaber, A., Alsanie, W.F., and Elshobary, M.E. (2021). Influence of Nutrient Manipulation on Growth and Biochemical Constituent in Anabaena variabilis and Nostoc muscorum to Enhance Biodiesel Production. Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su13169081"},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"Kotai, J. (1972). Instructions for Preparation of Modified Nutrient Solution Z8 for Algae, Norwegian Institute for Water Research. Publication B-11\/(69)."},{"key":"ref_63","unstructured":"Stackebrandt, E., and Goodfellow, M. (1991). 16S\/23S rRNA sequencing. Nucleic Acid Techniques in Bacterial Systematics, Wiley."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.2307\/3668646","article-title":"Molecular diversity of Microcystis strains (Cyanophyceae, Chroococcales) based on 16S rDNA sequences","volume":"70","author":"Wilmotte","year":"2000","journal-title":"Syst. Geogr. Plants"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3327","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.8.3327-3332.1997","article-title":"PCR primers to amplify 16S rRNA genes from cyanobacteria","volume":"63","author":"Muyzer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1127\/0029-5035\/2002\/0074-0001","article-title":"Spirirestis rafaelensis gen. et sp. nov. (Cyanophyceae), a new cyanobacterial genus from arid soils","volume":"74","author":"Flechtner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nova Hedwig."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","article-title":"MEGA7: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq224","article-title":"Parallelization of the MAFFT multiple sequence alignment program","volume":"26","author":"Katoh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-012-1034-z","article-title":"Biogeographically interesting planktonic Nostocales (Cyanobacteria) in the Czech Republic and their polyphasic evaluation resulting in taxonomic revisions of Anabaena bergii Ostenfeld 1908 (Chrysosporum gen. nov.) and A. tenericaulis Nygaard 1949 (Dolichospermum tenericaule comb. nova)","volume":"698","author":"Pumann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drummond, A.J., and Rambaut, A. (2007). BEAST: Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees. BMC Evol. Biol., 7.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-7-214"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2109","article-title":"jModelTest 2: More models, new heuristics and parallel computing","volume":"9","author":"Darriba","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1080\/10635150802429642","article-title":"A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML web servers","volume":"57","author":"Stamatakis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Syst. Biol."},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"1179","article-title":"Antimicrobial activities of freshwater cyanobacterium, Nostoc sp. from Tamdil Wetland of Mizoram, India: An identification of bioactive compounds by GC-MS","volume":"7","author":"Devi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01510-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01510-17","article-title":"High-density cultivation of terrestrial Nostoc strains leads to reprogramming of secondary metabolome","volume":"83","author":"Guljamow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mouga, T., Pereira, J., Moreira, V., and Afonso, C. (2024). Unveiling the cultivation of Nostoc sp. under controlled laboratory conditions. Biology, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13050306"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2019.105441","article-title":"Mutual effect of sodium and magnesium on the cultivation of microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides","volume":"132","author":"Polat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maltseva, I., Yakoviichuk, A., Maltseva, S., Cherkashina, S., Kulikovskiy, M., and Maltsev, Y. (2024). Biochemical and Antioxidant Characteristics of Chlorococcum oleofaciens (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) under Various Cultivation Conditions. Plants, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13172413"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maltseva, I., Yakoviichuk, A., Maltseva, S., Kulikovskiy, M., and Maltsev, Y. (2025). Antioxidant Status of Cyanobacteria Strains During Long-Term Cultivation in Nitrogen-Free Media. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262210891"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yakoviichuk, A., Krivova, Z., Maltseva, S., Kochubey, A., Kulikovskiy, M., and Maltsev, Y. (2023). Antioxidant Status and Biotechnological Potential of New Vischeria vischeri (Eustigmatophyceae) Soil Strains in Enrichment Cultures. Antioxidants, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12030654"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marques de S\u00e1, J.P. (2007). Applied Statistics: Using SPSS, Statistica, MATLAB, and R, Springer. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-71972-4"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/10\/4336\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T04:23:02Z","timestamp":1778818982000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/10\/4336"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms27104336"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms27104336","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]}}}