{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T05:08:28Z","timestamp":1780463308110,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Severe asthma (SA) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by clinical heterogeneity and poor therapeutic response. Variants in the IL4 gene, including rs2243250 and rs2243248, have been associated with asthma susceptibility and severity in different populations; however, their role in the Mexican population remains unclear. This study evaluated the association of IL4 promoter variants rs2243250 and rs2243248 with SA and related clinical characteristics in a Mexican population using genetic and in silico approaches. In total, 106 patients with SA and 180 healthy individuals were included. Genotyping was performed using allelic discrimination assays with TaqMan\u00ae probes, and associations between genotypes and clinical variables were assessed. No significant differences in allele or genotype frequencies were observed between groups. However, the rs2243250 TT genotype was associated with nocturnal symptoms (OR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.31\u20137.00, p = 0.009) and increased use of rescue medication (OR = 3.16, 95% CI = 1.41\u20137.07, p = 0.005). The rs2243248 TG\/GG genotypes were associated with epithelial allergy (p &lt; 0.05). In silico analysis suggested a regulatory role for both variants. These findings suggest that IL4 variants may not influence overall disease risk but could modulate clinical features of asthma severity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27114711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T01:45:08Z","timestamp":1779673508000},"page":"4711","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["IL4 Gene Variants rs2243250 and rs2243248 and Their Association with Clinical Phenotypes of Severe Asthma in the Mexican Population: In Silico Functional Analysis and Regulatory Implications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3851-795X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid Berenice","family":"Montoya-Delgado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Inmunolog\u00eda, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"},{"name":"Doctorado en Gen\u00e9tica Humana, Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Gen\u00f3mica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itzel Vianey","family":"Ochoa-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica y Alergia, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6659-0720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zaira Lorena","family":"Escobedo-Salcedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica y Alergia, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Ortega-Cisneros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica y Alergia, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Del Toro-Arreola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Inmunolog\u00eda, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Daneri-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Inmunolog\u00eda, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeminia","family":"Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Neurociencias Traslacionales, Departamento de Neurolog\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3504-9811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Enriqueta","family":"Nu\u00f1ez-Nu\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Alergia e Inmunolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica Pedi\u00e1trica, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara \u201cDr. Juan I. Menchaca\u201d, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5734-6534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Bayardo-Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Alergia e Inmunolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica Pedi\u00e1trica, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara \u201cDr. Juan I. Menchaca\u201d, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5963-9712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Quintero-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Inmunolog\u00eda, Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"},{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica 02, Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2530225","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2025.2530225","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Chronic Respiratory Diseases, 1990\u20132021 and Predictions to 2035: Analysis of Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"57","author":"Zhai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. 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