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This narrative review summarises selected evidence on the role of MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in orthodontic tooth movement, dental trauma and root resorption, restorative adhesive dentistry, and pulp\/periapical disease. Particular attention is given to signalling pathways that regulate MMP\/TIMP activity, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-\u03baB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-\u03b2)\/Smad-related mechanisms. The review also discusses the biomarker potential and translational status of MMP-targeted strategies. Across clinical contexts, MMP activity contributes to both matrix degradation and tissue repair, and its biological effect depends on local stimuli, TIMP-mediated regulation, pathway crosstalk, and the stage of disease or treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27114800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T16:17:58Z","timestamp":1779812278000},"page":"4800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Orthodontics, Dental Trauma, Restorative Dentistry, and Endodontics: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Renata","family":"\u0141awicka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The \u201cKaredent\u201d Dental Clinic, Bukowskiego 1\/U3, 15-066 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinga","family":"Kr\u00f3likowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, Waszyngtona 13a, 15-269 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"B\u0142aszczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, Waszyngtona 13a, 15-269 Bia\u0142ystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6085-3916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zuzanna","family":"Borawska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire Trust, Clifford Bridge Road, Walsgrave, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Zbucka-Kr\u0119towska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Adolescent Gynaecology, Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok, M. 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