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However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter systems remain poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the expression of components of the GABA\u2013glutamate system in neonatal BALB\/c mice inoculated with ZIKV at 10 days post-infection (dpi). Analysis of GABA-A and NMDA receptors revealed widespread downregulation of GABA-A and NMDA receptor subunits in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum, except for the alpha-5 and epsilon GABA-A subunits, which were upregulated in the cerebellum. Infected mice also showed increased GABA immunoreactivity and glutamate loss. The enzymes involved in neurotransmitter synthesis or transport confirmed these findings when assessed by qRT-PCR or Western blot, revealing increased expression of GAD-65\/67, accompanied by a loss of glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD) in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum, along with decreased expression of the glutamate transporter (VGLUT) in the cerebral cortex. These findings suggest that GABA synthesis increases during ZIKV infection, creating a neurochemical environment that favors viral replication and contributes to the migration and synaptic defects observed in congenital Zika syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27114833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T14:36:56Z","timestamp":1779892616000},"page":"4833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Alterations in the Components of the GABA\u2013Glutamate System During ZIKV Infection: A Neuroscience Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3760-1304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aura Caterine","family":"Rengifo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Morfolog\u00eda Celular, Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20\u2013Zone 6 CAN, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juli\u00e1n","family":"Naizaque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Morfolog\u00eda Celular, Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20\u2013Zone 6 CAN, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Santamar\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Morfolog\u00eda Celular, Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20\u2013Zone 6 CAN, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego Alejandro","family":"Alvarez-D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo de Vacunas y Biol\u00f3gicos Estrat\u00e9gicos en Salud P\u00fablica, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20\u2013Zone 6 CAN, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea Viviana","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Morfolog\u00eda Celular, Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20\u2013Zone 6 CAN, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2156-6209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gina","family":"Gu\u00edo-Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Morfolog\u00eda Celular, Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20\u2013Zone 6 CAN, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Morfolog\u00eda Celular, Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20\u2013Zone 6 CAN, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Eduardo","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Morfolog\u00eda Celular, Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20\u2013Zone 6 CAN, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6068-4174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zulma","family":"Due\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Neurobiolog\u00eda, Fisiolog\u00eda y Comportamiento, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Avenue 30, No. 45-03, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6620-2615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orlando","family":"Torres-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Morfolog\u00eda Celular, Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica, Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), Avenue 26 No. 51-20\u2013Zone 6 CAN, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1026","article-title":"A review of the recent epidemiology of Zika virus infection","volume":"112","author":"Rabe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. 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