{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:29:52Z","timestamp":1785407392863,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Open Project of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Drug Analysis and Intelligent Monitoring","award":["NNLS-0-202308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNLS-0-202308"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017596","name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024JC-YBMS-634"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JC-YBMS-634"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017596","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Basic Research Project","award":["xzy022024034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["xzy022024034"]}]},{"award":["xzy022024034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["xzy022024034"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/017zhmm22","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NHC Key Lab of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University) Open Projects Fund","award":["KZ202405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KZ202405"]}]},{"award":["KZ202405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KZ202405"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/038c3w259","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Morphine addiction is driven in part by persistent reward-associated memory, yet the molecular mechanisms linking translational control to cellular stress responses remain unclear. In the present study, using a mouse morphine-induced conditioned place preference and N2a cell model, we investigated apoptosis-related alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex and the involvement of eIF4E-dependent translational regulation and BDNF\/TrkB signaling. Morphine-induced conditioned place preference was associated with an increase in TUNEL-positive cells in the medial prefrontal cortex, accompanied by upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. In N2a cells, morphine induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Morphine also increased neuronal eIF4E expression in both mPFC tissue and N2a cells, accompanied by upregulation of BDNF and TrkB. Inhibition of the eIF4E\/eIF4G interaction with 4EGI-1 significantly affected morphine-induced CPP formation and altered apoptosis-related markers and BDNF\/TrkB expression. Notably, intra-mPFC administration of 4EGI-1 suppressed morphine-induced CPP without affecting anxiety-like behavior, locomotor activity, or general learning and memory performance. These findings suggest that eIF4E-dependent translational regulation is functionally associated with morphine-induced reward memory and apoptosis, potentially in association with changes in BDNF\/TrkB molecular expression. This study offers novel insight into the molecular basis of morphine addiction and highlights a potentially targetable translational regulatory pathway for therapeutic intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27115097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T01:23:21Z","timestamp":1780622601000},"page":"5097","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["eIF4E-Dependent Translation Potentially Regulates Apoptosis and BDNF\/TrkB Signaling in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex During Morphine-Induced CPP"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Feifei","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xixi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyanran","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongyu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7395-1446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beilin","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuojin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanjiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine of National Health Commission, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650504, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8673-9200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaqin","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danni","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongrui","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1104-4298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuxiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9920-4585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunxia","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine of National Health Commission, College of Forensic Medicine, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Bio-Evidence Science Academy, Science and Technology Innovation Harbour of Western China, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"},{"name":"National Narcotics Laboratory Shaanxi Branch, Xi-Xian New Area Fengxi New City, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-018-0180-x","article-title":"Drug addiction: A curable mental disorder?","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02637-y","article-title":"Social context and drug cues modulate inhibitory control in cocaine addiction: Involvement of the STN evidenced through functional MRI","volume":"29","author":"Terenzi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010418-103337","article-title":"Dopamine and Addiction","volume":"71","author":"Wise","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu186","article-title":"Morphine-6-glucuronide is responsible for the analgesic effect after morphine administration: A quantitative review of morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide, and morphine-3-glucuronide","volume":"113","author":"Klimas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-023-01304-y","article-title":"Narcotic analgesics","volume":"32","author":"Buchanan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quintana, G.R., Mac Cionnaith, C.E., and Pfaus, J.G. (2022). Behavioral, Neural, and Molecular Mechanisms of Conditioned Mate Preference: The Role of Opioids and First Experiences of Sexual Reward. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23168928"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2016.0137","article-title":"Brain Reward Circuits in Morphine Addiction","volume":"39","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Cells"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e182060","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.182060","article-title":"Brain region-specific neural activation by low-dose opioid promotes social behavior","volume":"9","author":"Ohnami","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2022.07.004","article-title":"Control of fear by discrete prefrontal GABAergic populations encoding valence-specific information","volume":"110","author":"Cummings","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001083","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated projection-specific regulation of depressive-like and nociceptive behaviors in the mesolimbic reward circuitry","volume":"159","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0421-4","article-title":"Morphine withdrawal recruits lateral habenula cytokine signaling to reduce synaptic excitation and sociability","volume":"22","author":"Valentinova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113710","article-title":"Viral vector-mediated gene therapy for opioid use disorders","volume":"341","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2405352","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202405352","article-title":"The Histone Lysine Demethylase KDM7A Contributes to Reward Memory via Fscn1-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-019-01678-3","article-title":"Effect of oleuropein on morphine-induced hippocampus neurotoxicity and memory impairments in rats","volume":"392","author":"Shibani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21973","article-title":"Effect of tramadol on apoptosis and synaptogenesis in hippocampal neurons: The possible role of micro-opioid receptor","volume":"83","author":"Hosseindoost","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2308671120","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2308671120","article-title":"mRNA translation in astrocytes controls hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity and memory","volume":"120","author":"Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2016.07.008","article-title":"Tuning Specific Translation in Cancer Metastasis and Synaptic Memory: Control at the MNK-eIF4E Axis","volume":"41","author":"Bramham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-03047-0","article-title":"Antidepressant actions of ketamine engage cell-specific translation via eIF4E","volume":"590","author":"Eslamizade","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3068","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05539-0","article-title":"A widespread alternate form of cap-dependent mRNA translation initiation","volume":"9","author":"Ernlund","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac398","article-title":"Mnk1\/2 kinases regulate memory and autism-related behaviours via Syngap1","volume":"146","author":"Chalkiadaki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2022.02.006","article-title":"MNK2-eIF4E axis promotes cardiac repair in the infarcted mouse heart by activating cyclin D1","volume":"166","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, H.J. (2019). Cell Fate Control by Translation: mRNA Translation Initiation as a Therapeutic Target for Cancer Development and Stem Cell Fate Control. Biomolecules, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9110665"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2025.04.048","article-title":"Microglia-neuronal communication mediated by P2X4R-BDNF-TrkB promotes synaptic plasticity and anterior cingulate cortex hyperactivity in muscle pain chronicity","volume":"135","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2021.03.005","article-title":"Antidepressant-like effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on potentiating synaptic plasticity via the miR-134-mediated BDNF signaling pathway in a mouse model of chronic stress-induced depression","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ginseng Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9469","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1702441114","article-title":"BDNF-TrkB controls cocaine-induced dendritic spines in rodent nucleus accumbens dissociated from increases in addictive behaviors","volume":"114","author":"Anderson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106729","article-title":"DL0410 attenuates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation via BDNF\/TrkB\/ERK\/CREB and Nrf2\/HO-1 activation","volume":"86","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvac096","article-title":"Myocardial brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates cardiac bioenergetics through the transcription factor Yin Yang 1","volume":"119","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406797102","article-title":"Mu-opioid receptors modulate the stability of dendritic spines","volume":"102","author":"Liao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2413370","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202413370","article-title":"Prefrontal FGF1 Signaling is Required for Accumbal Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment of Addiction","volume":"12","author":"Gong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryskalin, L., Limanaqi, F., Frati, A., Busceti, C.L., and Fornai, F. (2018). mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082226"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0615-x","article-title":"Neuroplasticity in cognitive and psychological mechanisms of depression: An integrative model","volume":"25","author":"Price","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"215","article-title":"Opium induces apoptosis in Jurkat cells via promotion of pro-apoptotic and inhibition of anti-apoptotic molecules","volume":"19","author":"Arababadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iran. J. Basic. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2013.09.045","article-title":"Morphine could increase apoptotic factors in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex of rat brain\u2019s reward circuitry","volume":"1540","author":"Katebi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ross-Kaschitza, D., and Altmann, M. (2020). eIF4E and Interactors from Unicellular Eukaryotes. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21062170"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2360196","DOI":"10.1080\/19491034.2024.2360196","article-title":"eIF4E orchestrates mRNA processing, RNA export and translation to modify specific protein production","volume":"15","author":"Mars","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nucleus"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-420170-5.00005-2","article-title":"Mechanisms of translation control underlying long-lasting synaptic plasticity and the consolidation of long-term memory","volume":"122","author":"Santini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martinez-Alonso, E., Guerra-Perez, N., Escobar-Peso, A., Peracho, L., Vera-Lechuga, R., Cruz-Culebras, A., Masjuan, J., and Alcazar, A. (2022). Phosphorylation of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4G1 (eIF4G1) at Ser1147 Is Specific for eIF4G1 Bound to eIF4E in Delayed Neuronal Death after Ischemia. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031830"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3112","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.25158","article-title":"Upregulation of eIF4E, but not other translation initiation factors, in dendritic spines during memory formation","volume":"529","author":"Gindina","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.04.005","article-title":"BDNF-induced local protein synthesis and synaptic plasticity","volume":"76","author":"Leal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.34133\/research.1032","article-title":"Novel LncRNA Gm44763 Regulates Morphine-Induced Reward Memory via MiR-298-5p-Mediated eIF4E Translation Control","volume":"9","author":"Gao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-025-01164-4","article-title":"Synaptic accumulation of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors mediates the effects of BDNF-TrkB signalling on synaptic plasticity and in hyperexcitability during status epilepticus","volume":"32","author":"Mele","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4602","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-023-03859-x","article-title":"Integrative Analysis of Morphine-Induced Differential Circular RNAs and ceRNA Networks in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex","volume":"61","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/11\/5097\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T04:38:58Z","timestamp":1780720738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/11\/5097"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms27115097"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms27115097","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]}}}