{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:11:19Z","timestamp":1785409879566,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":141,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science, Research, and Innovation Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004154","name":"Mae Fah Luang University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["67A307000040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["67A307000040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004154","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["67A307000040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["67A307000040"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mwhaw71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand","award":["10\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10\/2025"]}]},{"award":["10\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10\/2025"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mwhaw71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dementia, and more specifically Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that has become a growing health menace in the world with an escalation in incidence as well as enormous social and economic consequences. Existing pharmacological treatment including cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists are not very effective in reducing the symptoms and fail to prevent the disease process. The non-pharmacological treatment interventions such as diet, exercise and cognitive training have supportive effects and cannot be used as standalone treatments. Therapeutic gap has resulted in increased interest in complementary and alternative therapies, especially that of pleiotropic action of herbal medicines. Bacopa monnieri (BM) is an Ayurvedic herb that has historically been used to treat memory enhancement and now has both preclinical and clinical evidence supporting its ability to modulate neurotransmission, reduce oxidative stress and suppress neuroinflammation. However, such difficulties as low bioavailability, instability of the environmental factors, and variations in formulations restrict its clinical applicability. New technologies with a lot of potential such as microencapsulation technology can provide the solution to this problem by increasing stability, solubility, and targeted delivery of compounds that will increase treatment efficacy. This narrative review is a synthesis of the existing information on the pathogenesis of dementia, therapeutic approaches, and the effectiveness of BM as a complementary intervention. It points out links between traditional medicine and modern neuroscience, strengths and limitations of on-going evidence, gaps that need further research, such as long-term clinical trials, standardized formulations, and discovery of the role of BM in the gut\u2013brain axis. BM is a prime example of how herbal medicines can be used as a complement to conventional treatment and play a role in multi-modal approaches aimed at reducing the cognitive impairment associated with dementia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27125488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T15:11:22Z","timestamp":1781709082000},"page":"5488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From Tradition to Translation: A Critical Appraisal of Bacopa monnieri for Neuroprotection from Preclinical and Clinical Perspectives and Challenges in Utilization"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4813-123X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abosede Temitope","family":"Olajide","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Technology Research Group for Vulnerable Populations and School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5025-4590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sasithon","family":"Aunsorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Nakhon Ratchasima College, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3768-906X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel Abiodun","family":"Kehinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Technology Research Group for Vulnerable Populations and School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand"},{"name":"Biochemical\/EnTox Laboratory, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo 211001, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6065-3287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thammarat","family":"Kaewmanee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani 94000, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7365-6890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sasitorn","family":"Chusri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Technology Research Group for Vulnerable Populations and School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2026, March 31). 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