{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T14:58:47Z","timestamp":1781881127137,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the expression of immune checkpoint-associated proteins in phyllodes tumors (PTs) and assess their clinicopathologic and prognostic significance. Surgical resection specimens from 200 patients were included, and the expressions of CD24, Siglec-10, CD47, and SIRP\u03b1 in both the epithelial and stromal components of the tumor were assessed, with \u22651% positivity considered positive. Of 200 cases, 145 were benign, 44 borderline, and 11 malignant. The expressions of CD24, Siglec-10, CD47, and SIRP\u03b1 in stromal cells increased with tumor grade: CD24 was associated with stromal cellularity, atypia, and mitosis; Siglec-10 with stromal cellularity and atypia; CD47 with stromal atypia and mitosis; and SIRP\u03b1 with stromal overgrowth and atypia. While expressions of CD24, CD47, and SIRP\u03b1 were associated with either shorter disease-free survival (DFS) or shorter overall survival, multivariate analysis identified stromal CD24 expression as an independent predictor of shorter DFS. Immune checkpoint-associated proteins, particularly stromal CD24, CD47, and SIRP\u03b1, are associated with adverse features and poor outcomes in PTs, implicating potential prognostic and therapeutic relevance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27125556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T14:37:42Z","timestamp":1781879862000},"page":"5556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Expression of Immune Checkpoint-Associated Proteins for CD24, Siglec-10, CD47, and SIRP\u03b1 in Breast Phyllodes Tumor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Eunah","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4546-4709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ja Seung","family":"Koo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.04.007","article-title":"Phyllodes tumors of the breast: A case series of 106 patients","volume":"192","author":"Damak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. 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