{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:39:18Z","timestamp":1785436758023,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003443","name":"The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PRIORITY-2030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIORITY-2030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003443","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["PRIORITY-2030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIORITY-2030"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ghqgy32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","award":["1022040500074-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1022040500074-9"]}]},{"name":"Collection of Biological Materials of Human Beings of the IBG UFRC RAS","award":["499346"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["499346"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Prostate cancer (PrC) is one of the most common malignancies among men worldwide. However, the contribution of genetic variation in microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis pathway genes to PrC susceptibility remains poorly characterized in many ethnically diverse populations. We conducted a case\u2013control study involving 532 PrC patients and 550 controls from the Volga-Ural region of Eurasia to evaluate the association of twenty-one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with PrC risk using single-variant and polygenic approaches. Association analyses identified rs595055 in the AGO1 gene as significantly associated with PrC risk after correction for multiple testing. To evaluate the cumulative effect of genetic variation, weighted and unweighted polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were constructed. The weighted PRS was significantly associated with PrC risk (odds ratio per standard deviation increase = 1.63, 95% CI [1.43\u20131.85], P = 1.37 \u00d7 10\u221213), and demonstrated moderate discriminatory performance (AUC = 63.1%), outperforming the unweighted model. Individuals in the highest PRS quartile had approximately threefold higher odds of PrC than those in the lowest quartile. Combining the weighted PRS with prostate-specific antigen improved discrimination (AUC = 68.1%). These findings support the contribution of miRNA biogenesis pathway genes to PrC susceptibility and highlight the potential value of pathway-based polygenic risk stratification in understudied populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27125578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T03:09:17Z","timestamp":1782270557000},"page":"5578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MicroRNA Biogenesis Pathway Gene Variants Are Associated with Prostate Cancer Susceptibility"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9499-5632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Gilyazova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanina","family":"Timasheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizaveta","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Population and Medical Genetics, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 450076 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0779-4678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Galiya","family":"Gimalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adel","family":"Izmailov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gulshat","family":"Abdeeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1570-3174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Dzaubermezov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Population and Medical Genetics, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 450076 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3553-7126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhanna","family":"Balkhiyarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1624-7457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inga","family":"Prokopenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2125-4897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentin","family":"Pavlov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elza","family":"Khusnutdinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33588","article-title":"Cancer statistics for the year 2020: An overview","volume":"149","author":"Ferlay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. 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